InfoBytes Blog
Filter
Subscribe to our InfoBytes Blog weekly newsletter and other publications for news affecting the financial services industry.
CFPB proposal would limit negative credit reporting on human trafficking victims
On April 7, the CFPB released a proposed rule and solicited comments on regulations implementing amendments to the FCRA intended to assist victims of trafficking. The proposed rule would establish a method for a trafficking victim to submit documentation to consumer reporting agencies (CRAs) establishing that they are a survivor of trafficking, and would require CRAs to block adverse information in consumer reports after receiving such documentation. The proposed rules would amend Regulation V to implement changes to FCRA enacted in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022, also referred to as the “Debt Bondage Repair Act,” which was signed into law in December 2021. (Covered by InfoBytes here). Under the law, CRAs are prohibited “from providing consumer reports that contain any negative item of information about a survivor of trafficking from any period the survivor was being trafficked.” In announcing the proposal, the CFPB noted that “Congress required the CFPB to utilize its rulemaking authorities to implement the Debt Bondage Repair Act through rule changes to Regulation V, which ensures consumers’ credit information is fairly reported by CRAs.” According to the CFPB, the proposal “would protect survivors of human trafficking by preventing CRAs from including negative information resulting from abuse.” Comments are due 30 days after publication in the Federal Register.
HUD proposes 40-year term for loan modifications
On April 1, HUD published a proposed rule in the Federal Register to increase the maximum term limit allowable on loan modifications for FHA-insured mortgages from 360 to 480 months. According to the proposed rule, the update would allow mortgagees to provide a 40-year loan modification option to borrowers who may not qualify for loss mitigation options and is intended to help borrowers experiencing a financial hardship, including those impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, obtain affordable monthly payments. The proposed rule noted that “[i]ncreasing the maximum term limit to 480 months would allow mortgagees to further reduce the borrower’s monthly payment as the outstanding balance would be spread over a longer time frame, providing more borrowers with FHA-insured mortgages the ability to retain their homes after default.” Additionally, the proposal would align FHA with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, “which both currently provide a 40-year loan modification option.” Comments are due by May 31.
SEC seeks investor protections related to SPACs and shell companies
On March 30, the SEC proposed rules and amendments regarding special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), shell companies, and projections disclosure. The proposed rules are intended to enhance investor protections in initial public offerings (IPOs) by SPACs and in subsequent business combination transactions between SPACs and private operating companies. The proposed rules will also address the treatment under the Securities Act of 1933 of business combination transactions involving a reporting shell company and amend the financial statement requirements for private operating companies applicable to transactions involving shell companies. Additionally, the SEC proposed “specialized disclosure requirements with respect to, among other things, compensation paid to sponsors, conflicts of interest, dilution, and the fairness of these business combination transactions.” The SEC issued a corresponding Fact Sheet recognizing that the rapid increase in the number of SPAC IPOs over the past two years has “heightened investor protection concerns” and raised questions as to whether certain SPACs may be investment companies subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act. The proposed rule also includes a new safe harbor designed to “provide that a SPAC that satisfies the conditions of the proposed rule would not be an investment company and therefore would not be subject to regulation under [the Investment Company Act].”
“[I]f adopted, [the proposed rule] would strengthen disclosure, marketing standards, and gatekeeper and issuer obligations by market participants in SPACs, helping ensure that investors in these vehicles get protections similar to those when investing in traditional initial public offerings,” SEC Chair Gary Gensler said.
Comments on the proposed rule are due 60 days following publication of the proposing release on the SEC’s website or 30 days after publication in the Federal Register, whichever is later.
SEC seeks to include market participants as dealers or government securities dealers
On March 28, the SEC announced two proposed rules, which would require market participants, such as proprietary (or principal) trading firms, who assume certain dealer functions, in particular those who as act as liquidity providers in the markets, to register with the SEC, to become members of a self-regulatory organization (SRO), and comply with federal securities laws and regulatory obligations. According to the SEC, the rules would establish that a market participant engaging in the activities described in the rules is a “dealer” or “government securities dealer” and, absent an exception or exemption, is required to: (i) register with the Commission under Section 15(a) or Section 15C, as applicable; (ii) become a member of an SRO; and (iii) comply with federal securities laws and regulatory obligations, including as applicable, SEC, SRO, and Treasury rules and requirements. A footnote in the proposal indicates that its new rules would apply to any digital asset that is regarded as a security or a government security within existing laws. The SEC also released a Fact Sheet regarding the proposals, which provides information on why the proposal matters and how it applies. Comments are due 60 days after publication of the proposing release on the SEC’s website or 30 days after publication in the Federal Register, whichever period is longer. SEC Chair Gary Gensler released a statement stating he believes that the proposed rules “reflect[] Congress’s statutory intent that firms engaging in important liquidity-providing roles in the securities markets, including in the U.S. Treasury market, be registered with the Commission.”
FDIC issues draft principles on climate risk management
On March 30, the FDIC announced a request for comment on draft principles, which provide a high-level framework for the safe and sound management of exposures to climate-related financial risks. The principles are intended for the largest financial institutions (those with over $100 billion in total consolidated assets), though the announcement notes that all financial institutions, regardless of size, can have material exposures to climate-related financial risks. The topics covered by the principles include: (i) governance; (ii) policies, procedures, and limits; (iii) strategic planning; (iv) risk management; (v) data, risk measurement, and reporting; and (vi) scenario analysis. The draft principles also highlight management of risk areas. Comments close 60 days after publication in the Federal Register. In a statement, acting FDIC Chairman Martin Gruenberg said the key principles are “an initial step toward the promotion of a consistent understanding of the effective management of climate-related financial risks.”
OCC updates commercial real estate lending booklet of Comptroller’s Handbook
On March 29, the OCC issued Bulletin 2022-7 version 2.0 of the “Commercial Real Estate Lending” booklet of the Comptroller's Handbook. The booklet rescinds version 1.1 of the booklet of the same title issued in January 2017 and Bulletin 2013-19, “Commercial Real Estate Lending: Comptroller's Handbook Revisions and Rescissions.” Among other things, the revised booklet: (i) indicates changes to laws and regulations since the booklet was last updated; (ii) reflects the agency’s issuances published and rescinded since the booklet was last updated; (iii) provides clarifying edits regarding supervisory guidance, sound risk management practices, and legal language; and (vi) resends certain content for clarifying purposes.
FDIC issues RFI on bank mergers
On March 25, the FDIC issued a request for information (RFI) seeking public comments on bank mergers, including mergers between an insured depository institution and a noninsured institution, to aid the agency’s understanding of and any potential policymaking in this area. Specifically, the RFI seeks input related to the effectiveness of the existing framework in meeting the requirements of Section 18(c) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (known as the Bank Merger Act). According to the FDIC, “[s]ignificant changes over the past several decades in the banking industry and financial system warrant a review of the regulatory framework.”
Among the questions posed by the RFI are topics concerning (i) whether additional requirements or criteria (including quantitative measures) should be added to the existing regulatory framework to address financial stability risks that may arise from bank mergers (e.g. “[s]hould the FDIC presume that any merger transaction that results in a financial institution that exceeds a predetermined asset size threshold, for example $100 billion in total consolidated assets, poses a systemic risk concern?”); (ii) the extent to which prudential factors should be considered when acting on a merger application, and whether bright line minimum standards for these factors should be established; (iii) whether agencies should rethink the way they consider whether a merger might affect the convenience and needs factor of a community, and to “what extent should the CFPB be consulted by the FDIC when considering the convenience and needs factor and should that consultation be formalized”; (iv) whether the existing merger review framework creates “an implicit presumption of approval” or requires “an appropriate burden of proof” on bank applicants to prove they have met the criteria of the Bank Merger Act; (v) to what extent has the Bank Merger Act exception “proven beneficial or detrimental to the bank resolution process and to financial stability”; and (vi) to what extent would responses to the questions differ if the merger transaction involves a small insured depository institution.
Comments on the RFI are due 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.
Agencies seek to update administrative enforcement proceedings
On March 22, the Federal Reserve Board, OCC, FDIC, and NCUA issued an interagency proposal to update policies and procedures governing administrative proceedings for supervised financial institutions. According to the proposal, the amendments are necessary to account for the routine use of electronic presentations in hearings and for use of technology in administrative proceedings, and to account for relevant legal developments since the rules were last updated, including the abolishment of the Office of Thrift Supervision, and the grant of new authorities to the agencies. Additionally, according to the proposal, the Fed “proposes to codify and clarify its long-standing practices concerning the conduct of formal administrative investigations and promulgate rules governing all formal investigations of organizations and individuals within the Board’s jurisdiction.” Finally, the FDIC proposes to amend its rules of administrative proceeding to permit greater use of depositions in the course of administrative proceedings.
SEC proposes climate risk disclosures
On March 21, the SEC announced a proposed rule to require registrants to disclose certain climate-related information in their registration statements and periodic reports. According to the proposed rule, a registrant must disclose, among other things, information regarding its direct and certain indirect emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG). The GHG emissions disclosure proposals “would provide investors with decision-useful information to assess a registrant’s exposure to, and management of, climate-related risks, and in particular transition risks.”
The proposed rule also establishes that accelerated filers and large accelerated filers would be required to include an attestation report from an independent attestation service provider covering certain emissions disclosures, with a phase-in over time, to promote the reliability of GHG emissions disclosures for investors. The proposed rule further noted additional disclosure requirements for registrants that have made a so-called net-zero commitment or adopted a plan to reduce their GHG footprint or exposures.
The same day, the SEC released a Fact Sheet on the proposed rule, which summarized the content of the proposed disclosure and presentation and attestation requirements, among other things. According to a statement released by SEC Chair Gary Gensler, the proposed rule will “provide investors with consistent, comparable, and decision-useful information for making their investment decisions and would provide consistent and clear reporting obligations for issuers.” However, a statement released by SEC Commissioner Hester M. Peirce took a different view, stating that the proposed amendments would “turn[] the disclosure regime on its head” and noting that some elements are “missing,” such as “[a] credible rationale for such a prescriptive framework when our existing disclosure requirements already capture material risks relating to climate change;[a] materiality limitation; [and] [a] compelling explanation of how the proposal will generate comparable, consistent, and reliable disclosures.” Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen also released a statement commending the proposal and the SEC, calling the effort “an important step to protect investors and strengthen the overall resilience of the financial system.”
Comments on the proposal are due 30 days after publication in the Federal Register, or 60 days after the date of issuance and publication on sec.gov, whichever period is longer.
DOJ publishes web accessibility guidance under the ADA
On March 18, the DOJ released guidance on web accessibility and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) explaining how businesses open to the public, including banks (entities covered by ADA Title III), and state and local governments can make sure their websites comply with ADA requirements. “Even though businesses and state and local governments have flexibility in how they comply with the ADA’s general requirements of nondiscrimination and effective communication, they still must ensure that the programs, services, and goods that they provide to the public—including those provided online—are accessible to people with disabilities,” the guidance stated. The DOJ addressed several topics within the guidance, including the importance of website accessibility, examples of barriers that inaccessible websites create for people with disabilities, when the ADA requires web content to be accessible, and advice on making web content accessible. Also provided are links to accessibility resources and existing technical standards offering helpful guidance concerning ways to ensure the accessibility of website features, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. The guidance also provides examples of the DOJ’s ongoing work to advance website accessibility for people with disabilities through statements of interest and enforcement matters.