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  • SBA clarifies PPP forgiveness for certain business owners, non-payroll costs

    Federal Issues

    On August 27, the Small Business Administration (SBA) issued a new interim final rule (IFR), which provides additional guidance for Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) lenders on the treatment of business owners and the forgiveness of certain non-payroll costs. The new IFR specifies that “owner-employees with less than a 5 percent ownership stake in a C- or S- Corporation are not subject to the owner-employee compensation rule.” The SBA explained that the exemption, which was decided upon in consultation with the Secretary of Treasury, is intended to cover owner-employees who “have no meaningful ability to influence decisions over how loan proceeds are allocated.” With respect to the forgiveness of certain non-payroll costs, the SBA clarified that costs attributable to the business operations of tenants or sub-tenants of a PPP borrower or, for household expenses of home-based businesses, do not qualify for forgiveness. However, rent payments to a related third party are eligible for loan forgiveness under certain conditions. The IFR takes effect upon publication in the Federal Register. Comments on the provisions are due within 30 days.

    Federal Issues SBA Covid-19 Small Business Lending Agency Rule-Making & Guidance

  • CFPB issues CARD Act RFI

    Federal Issues

    On August 25, the CFPB announced a Request for Information (RFI) on the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 (CARD Act), consistent with the requirements of Section 610 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA), which specifies that agencies should review certain rules within 10 years of their publication to consider the rules’ effect on small businesses. Specifically, the Bureau is seeking comments from stakeholders on the economic impact of the CARD Act on small entities and whether regulations should be adjusted to address those impacts. Additionally, the RFI seeks information, pursuant to section 502(a) of the CARD Act, related to the consumer credit card market. Among other things, the Bureau requests stakeholders comment on (i) the terms of credit card agreements; (ii) the effectiveness of credit card disclosures; (iii) the cost and availability of credit cards; and (iv) credit card product innovation.

    Comments on the RFI will be due 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.

    Federal Issues CFPB RFI CARD Act Small Business Lending

  • FHFA delays implementation of new refinance fee

    Federal Issues

    On August 25, FHFA announced that it will delay implementation of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac’s new adverse market refinance fee until December 1. As previously covered by InfoBytes, the adverse market refinance fee of 50 basis points, or 0.5 percent, was originally slated to apply to certain refinance mortgages with settlement dates on or after September 1. FHFA received significant pushback regarding the fee, including concerns about its expedited implementation period, and lack of information regarding the market conditions that would be addressed by the change (see InfoBytes coverage here). In the new announcement, FHFA states that the fee is “necessary to cover projected COVID-19 losses of at least $6 billion at the Enterprises,” noting that $6 billion is the “conservatively projected” cost of actions taken to protect renters and borrowers based on (i) “$4 billion in loan losses due to projected forbearance defaults”; (ii) “$1 billion in foreclosure moratorium losses”; and (iii) “$1 billion in servicer compensation and other forbearance expenses.”

    Federal Issues FHFA Refinance Fannie Mae Freddie Mac Covid-19 Mortgages

  • FDIC, HUD announce disaster relief guidance for Iowa, California borrowers

    Federal Issues

    On August 26, the FDIC issued FIL-81-2020 to provide regulatory relief to financial institutions and help facilitate recovery in areas of Iowa affected by severe storms. In the guidance, the FDIC notes that, in supervising institutions affected by the severe weather, the FDIC will consider the unusual circumstances those institutions face. The guidance suggests that institutions work with impacted borrowers to, among other things, (i) extend repayment terms; (ii) restructure existing loans; or (iii) ease terms for new loans to those affected by the severe weather, provided the measures are “done in a manner consistent with sound banking practices, can contribute to the health of the local community and serve the long-term interests of the lending institution.” Additionally, the FDIC notes that institutions may receive Community Reinvestment Act consideration for community development loans, investments, and services in support of disaster recovery. The FDIC states it will also consider relief from certain filing and publishing requirements.

    Separately, on August 25, HUD announced it will expedite disaster assistance to certain counties impacted by the California wildfires, which will provide foreclosure relief and other assistance to homeowners living in the counties. Specifically, HUD is providing an automatic 90-day moratorium on foreclosures of FHA-insured home mortgages for covered properties and is further making FHA insurance available to those victims whose homes were destroyed or severely damaged. Additionally, HUD’s Section 203(k) loan program will allow victims to finance the purchase or refinance of a house along with the costs of repair through a single mortgage, and will also allow homeowners with damaged property to finance the rehabilitation of their existing single-family homes.

    Find continuing InfoBytes coverage on disaster relief guidance here.

    Federal Issues FDIC HUD Disaster Relief Consumer Finance Mortgages

  • CFPB says it is on track to meet data collection deadlines

    Courts

    On August 24, the CFPB filed another status report in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California as required under a stipulated settlement reached in February with a group of plaintiffs, including the California Reinvestment Coalition. The settlement (covered by InfoBytes here) resolved a 2019 lawsuit that sought an order compelling the Bureau to issue a final rule implementing Section 1071 of the Dodd-Frank Act, which requires the Bureau to collect and disclose data on lending to women and minority-owned small businesses. Details on the Bureau’s first status update can be found here.

    Among other things, the Bureau noted in the status report that (i) on July 22, it released a “survey of lenders to obtain estimates of the onetime costs that lenders would incur to prepare to collect data required by Section 1071”; and (ii) on August 11, it provided the SBA and the Office of Management and Budget’s Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs a draft Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) outline regarding proposals under consideration and alternatives considered. The status report emphasizes that the Bureau is “on track” to release a SBREFA outline by September 15 and convene a SBREFA panel by October 15, as required by the settlement.

    Courts Federal Issues CFPB Fair Lending Small Business Lending Dodd-Frank Section 1071

  • Agencies finalize three pandemic-related rules

    Federal Issues

    On August 26, the Federal Reserve Board, FDIC, and OCC finalized three rules that were temporarily issued in March and April to assist financial institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic. Highlights of the three rules include:

    • Community Bank Leverage Ratio (CBLR). The agencies adopted, without change, two interim final rules issued in April (covered by InfoBytes here) that temporarily lower the CBLR threshold and provide a gradual transition back to the prior level in order to enable qualifying community banking organizations to support lending during the Covid-19 pandemic. Effective October 1, the final rule, among other things, lowers the leverage ratio to eight percent through 2020 and increases the ratio to 8.5 percent in 2021 and nine percent in 2022.
    • Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL). The agencies adopted, without substantial change, an interim final rule issued in March (covered by InfoBytes here), which provides an additional two years to the three-year transition period that is already available to “mitigate the estimated cumulative regulatory capital effects” of CECL. The final rule expands the pool of eligible institutions to include any institution adopting CECL in 2020 and is effective upon publication in the Federal Register.
    • Capital distributions. The agencies adopted, without change, an interim final rule issued in March revising the definition of “eligible retained income” to allow for a more gradual application of any automatic limitations on capital distributions if an institution’s capital levels decline below certain levels. Additionally, the final rule includes the adoption of a Federal Reserve-only interim final rule (covered by InfoBytes here), similarly revising the definition of “eligible retained income” for purposes of the total loss-absorbing capacity rule. The final rule is effective January 1, 2021.

    Federal Issues Agency Rule-Making & Guidance FDIC OCC CECL Federal Reserve Capital Covid-19

  • FDIC proposes revisions to MDI statement of policy

    Federal Issues

    On August 21, the FDIC approved a proposed statement of policy, which updates and clarifies the agency’s policies and procedures related to Minority Depository Institutions (MDIs). Among other things, the proposed statement of policy outlines the efforts the agency has undertaken and will continue to take to “preserve and promote” MDIs. Additionally, the proposal defines the program terms for technical assistance, training, educations, and outreach. Finally, the proposal includes a description of the FDIC’s examination rating system for MDIs. Comments on the proposal will be due 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.

    Federal Issues FDIC Supervision Minority Depository Institution

  • OCC approves bank to use host state interest rate for credit cards

    Federal Issues

    Recently, the OCC released Interpretive Letter 1171, which concludes that an interstate national bank may charge interest on credit cards consistent with the law of the state where the non-ministerial function of loan approval for credit cards occurs. According to the letter, after merging with an affiliate bank in another state, the core of the bank’s credit card business is now conducted from a branch in a state different than the state where the bank is headquartered. The credit card business operations include: (i) development of the bank’s credit risk policy; (ii) decision-making about credit approval communication content; and (iii) establishment of individual transaction credit risk rules.

    In the letter, the OCC notes that under an adopted framework interpreting 12 U.S.C. § 85 (known as “Section 85”), “an interstate national bank must or may elect to charge [interest] based on where a loan is ‘made.’” The letter states that “a loan is made where the three non-ministerial functions associated with making a loan occur”: (i) approving the loan; (ii) extending the credit; and (iii) disbursing the loan proceeds. Citing to Interpretive Letter 822, which was issued in March 1998, the OCC concluded that the bank may charge interest based on the law of the state where the affiliate bank is located if (i) “all three non-ministerial functions occur” in that state; or (ii) “at least one non-ministerial function occurs in [that state] and the bank’s credit card lending has a clear nexus to [that state].”

    Upon review, the OCC determined that the bank’s non-ministerial function of loan approval occurs in the state where its affiliate bank was located, because all of the credit decisions are based on the bank’s credit risk policy which was established in that state. Additionally, the OCC reasoned that there is a “clear nexus” between the bank’s credit card operations and that state because the bank established several credit card lending activities that occur in that state. Thus, the OCC concluded the bank is authorized to charge interest on credit cards consistent with that state’s law.

    Federal Issues OCC Interest Rate

  • CFPB settles with two mortgage companies over misleading VA loan advertisements

    Federal Issues

    On August 26, the CFPB announced a settlement with a mortgage company to resolve allegations that the company, which is licensed as a mortgage broker or lender in approximately 11 states, sent false, misleading, and inaccurate direct-mail advertisements to servicemembers and veterans for its VA-guaranteed loans in violation of the CFPA, Mortgage Acts and Practices – Advertising Rule (MAP Rule), and Regulation Z. According to the Bureau, among other things, the mortgage company (i) advertised credit terms that the lenders were not actually prepared to offer; (ii) failed to clearly and conspicuously disclose payment terms; (iii) made numerous “misrepresentations about the existence, nature, or amount of cash available to the consumer in connection with the mortgage credit product”; and (iv) misrepresented the consumer’s repayment obligations by failing to state the amount of each payment that would apply over the term of the loan or failing to clearly and conspicuously state that actual payment obligations would be greater. In addition to a $260,000 civil money penalty, the consent order requires the company to enhance its compliance functions, designate a compliance official to review mortgage advertisements for compliance with consumer protection laws, and comply with certain enhanced disclosure requirements. Additionally, the company is prohibited from making similar misrepresentations in the future.

    Earlier on August 21, the CFPB also announced a settlement with a mortgage company to resolve allegations that the company sent false, misleading, and inaccurate direct-mail advertisements to servicemembers and veterans for its VA-guaranteed loans in violation of the CFPA, Mortgage Acts and Practices – Advertising Rule (MAP Rule), and Regulation Z. According to the Bureau, among other things, the mortgage company (i) advertised credit terms that the lenders were not actually prepared to offer; (ii) described variable-rate loans as “fixed,” when in fact the rates were adjustable; (iii) falsely stated or implied that consumers with “FICO scores as low as 500” would qualify for advertised rates; and (iv) gave the false impression the lenders were affiliated with the government. In addition to a $150,000 civil money penalty, the consent order prohibits the company from making similar misrepresentations and requires the company to designate a compliance official to review mortgage advertisements for compliance with consumer protection laws.

    The latest enforcement actions are part of the Bureau’s “sweep of investigations” related to deceptive VA-mortgage advertisements. In July, the Bureau issued consent orders with two other mortgage lenders for similar violations, covered by InfoBytes here.

    Federal Issues CFPB Mortgages Department of Veterans Affairs Mortgage Broker Mortgage Lenders CFPA UDAAP MAP Rule Regulation Z Enforcement

  • VA extends foreclosure and eviction moratorium for borrowers affected by Covid-19

    Federal Issues

    On August 24, the Department of Veterans Affairs issued Circulars 26-20-30 and 26-20-29, which extend foreclosure and eviction relief for borrowers affected by Covid-19, respectively. Specifically, properties secured by VA-guaranteed loans are subject to a moratorium on foreclosure through December 31, 2020. The moratorium applies to the initiation of foreclosures and to the completion of foreclosures in process. The foreclosure circular is rescinded January 1, 2021. Similarly, properties secured by VA-guaranteed loans, including those loans currently in VA’s Real Estate Owned portfolio, are subject to a moratorium on evictions through December 31, 2020. The eviction moratorium circular is rescinded April 1, 2021.

    Federal Issues Covid-19 Department of Veterans Affairs Foreclosure Mortgages Evictions

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