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OFAC sanctions key Yemeni military leaders
On March 2, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced sanctions against two individuals associated with the Ansarallah militia. The sanctions are taken pursuant to Executive Order 13611, which authorizes “blocking property of persons threatening the peace, security, or stability of Yemen.” As a result of the sanctions, all of the property and interests in property of the designated individuals that are in the United States or in the possession or control of U.S. persons, as well as any entities that are owned 50 percent or more by the designated individuals, are blocked and must be reported to OFAC. Additionally, OFAC regulations prohibit U.S. persons from participating in transactions with the designated individuals unless exempt or otherwise authorized by an OFAC general or specific license. OFAC specifies that the “prohibitions include the making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any blocked person or the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services from any such person.”
OFAC amends cyber-related general license and related FAQs
On March 2, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) issued cyber-related General License (GL) 1B, “Authorizing Certain Transactions with the Federal Security Service,” which authorizes certain transactions and activities that are “necessary and ordinarily incident” to the “[r]equesting, receiving, utilizing, paying for, or dealing in licenses, permits, certifications, or notifications issued or registered by the Federal Security Service for the importation, distribution, or use of information technology products in the Russian Federation,” provided certain criteria are met. OFAC also published three amended FAQs related to GL 1B (see 501, 502, and 503). Effective March 2, GL 1B supersedes and replaces GL 1A, which was issued in 2018 and covered by InfoBytes here.
OFAC sanctions Saudis for human rights abuse
On February 26, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced sanctions against Saudi Arabia’s former Deputy Head of General Intelligence Presidency and Saudi Arabia’s Rapid Intervention Force in connection with the death of a Saudi journalist. The sanctions are taken pursuant to Executive Order 13818, which implements the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act and “targets perpetrators of serious human rights abuse and corruption around the world.” As a result of the sanctions, all of the property and interests in property of the designated persons that are in the United States or in the possession or control of U.S. persons, as well as any entities that are owned 50 percent or more by the designated persons, are blocked and must be reported to OFAC. Additionally, OFAC regulations prohibit U.S. persons from participating in transactions with the designated persons unless exempt or otherwise authorized by an OFAC general or specific license.
FATF steps up combating terrorist and proliferation financing
On February 25, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) concluded another plenary meeting, in which it “advanced its work on several important issues, including finalizing a non-public report on terrorist financing and agreeing to seek public comment on updated guidance documents on virtual assets and proliferation finance.” Among other things, FAFT finalized three non-public reports outlining best practices for investigating and prosecuting terrorist financing for FATF member states, as well as an internal ISIS/Al Qaeda financing update and internal guidance designed “to assist investigative authorities trace financial flows between illicit arms traffickers and terrorists.” FATF also approved new guidance (to be published early March) intended to clarify and improve the adoption of risk-based supervision, which outlines ways supervisors should apply risk-based approaches to their activities, highlights common implementation challenges to risk-based supervision, and provides examples of effective strategies. Additionally, FAFT noted it has agreed to seek public consultation on amendments to its 2019 guidance concerning anti-money laundering/countering the financing of terrorism obligations concerning virtual assets and virtual asset service providers, and expects to release final updated guidance this summer. FATF also stated it intends to issue new guidance this summer on ways countries and the private sector can understand and mitigate proliferation financing threats, vulnerabilities, and risks.
OFAC updates SDN List
On February 22, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control added two entities to its Specially Designated National List pursuant to the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA). One of the added entities has been designated pursuant to CAATSA Section 235, which provides the president with the authority to, among other things, “prohibit any transfers of credit or payments between financial institutions or by, through, or to any financial institution, to the extent that such transfers or payments are subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and involve any interest of the sanctioned person” or “prohibit any United States person from investing in or purchasing significant amounts of equity or debt instruments of the sanctioned person.”
OFAC sanctions additional individuals connected to Burmese military coup
On February 22, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced sanctions pursuant to Executive Order 14014 against two individuals connected to a Burmese military coup. The sanctions build upon actions taken by OFAC earlier in the month against 10 current or former military officials as well as three Burmese entities (covered by InfoBytes here), and reaffirms the U.S.’s continued work to “promote accountability for those responsible for attempting to reverse Burma’s progress toward democracy.” As a result of the sanctions all property and interests in property belonging to the sanctioned individuals and “any entities that are owned, directly or indirectly, 50 percent or more by them, individually, or with other blocked persons,” subject to U.S. jurisdiction are blocked and must be reported to OFAC. U.S. persons are generally prohibited from engaging in any dealings involving the property or interests in property of blocked or designated persons, unless exempt or authorized by a general or specific license.
Digital payment solutions company settles with OFAC for $500k
On February 18, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced a $507,375 settlement with a Georgia-based payment processing solutions company for 2,102 apparent violations of multiple sanctions programs. According to OFAC’s web notice, between 2013 and 2018, the company—which offers solutions for merchants to accept digital currency as payment for goods and services—allegedly processed thousands of transactions on behalf of individuals located in sanctioned jurisdictions based on IP addresses and invoice information. Specifically, OFAC alleged that the company “received digital currency payments on behalf of its merchant customers from those merchants’ buyers who were located in sanctioned jurisdictions, converted the digital currency to fiat currency, and then related that currency to its merchants.” While OFAC noted that the company screened its direct merchants against its List of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons and conducted due diligence to ensure merchants were not located in a sanctioned jurisdiction, the company’s transaction review process allegedly failed to screen identification and location data for its merchants’ buyers, many of whom were located in Crimea, Cuba, North Korea, Iran, Sudan, and Syria. As a result, these buyers, OFAC claimed, were able to make purchases from merchants located in the U.S. and elsewhere using digital currency on the company’s platform in violation of an executive order and multiple sanctions regulations.
In arriving at the settlement amount, OFAC considered various aggravating factors, including that the company (i) “failed to exercise due caution or care for its sanctions compliance obligations” by allowing buyers in sanctioned jurisdictions to transact with merchants despite having “sufficient information to screen those customers”; and (ii) conveyed more than $128,000 in economic benefit to individuals in OFAC sanctioned jurisdictions.
OFAC also considered various mitigating factors, including that the company (i) had implemented certain sanctions compliance controls, including due diligence and sanctions screening; (ii) trained employees—including senior management—that signing up merchants from sanctioned jurisdictions or trading with sanctioned persons is prohibited; (iii) cooperated with OFAC’s investigation; and (iv) terminated the conduct leading to the apparent violations and undertook remedial measures to minimize the risk of similar violations from occurring in the future. The base civil monetary penalty applicable in this action is $2,255,000; however, the lower settlement amount reflects OFAC’s consideration of the general factors under the Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines.
OFAC revokes Yemen-related general licenses and designations
On February 16, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) revoked and archived five counter terrorism-related general licenses (GL) related to the Ansarallah designations after the U.S. Department of State determined that Ansarallah would “no longer be[] blocked pursuant to the Global Terrorism Sanctions Regulations, 31 C.F.R. part 594, the Foreign Terrorist Organizations Sanctions Regulations, 31 C.F.R. part 597, or Executive Order 13224, as amended.” Specifically, OFAC revoked GL 9, “Official Business of the United States Government,” GL 10, “Official Activities of Certain International Organizations,” GL 11, “Certain Transactions in Support of Nongovernmental Organizations’ Activities in Yemen,” GL 12, “Transactions Related to the Exportation or Reexportation of Agricultural Commodities, Medicine, Medical Devices, Replacement Parts and Components or Software Updates,” and GL 13,“Authorizing Transactions Involving Ansarallah.” Additionally, OFAC removed frequently asked questions 875, 876, and 877 from its website and made deletions to the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons list.
OFAC issues new executive order connected to Burmese military coup, adds sanctions targets under new order
On February 11, President Biden issued Executive Order (E.O.) 14014, “Blocking Property With Respect To The Situation In Burma.” Among other things, the new executive order permits the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) to target any person determined to operate in the defense sector of the Burmese economy, or any other sector of the economy as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury. The order also targets persons determined to have undermined democracy, threatened peace or stability, or engaged in a number of other activities threatening freedoms or human rights in Burma, and other persons determined to be a leader, part of, or associated with the Government of Burma. Under this new authority, OFAC announced sanctions against 10 current and former military officials and three entities connected to a Burmese military coup. The sanctions “specifically target those who played a leading role in the overthrow of Burma’s democratically elected government.” As a result of the sanctions all property and interests in property belonging to the sanctioned individuals and entities, and “any entities that are owned, directly or indirectly, 50 percent or more by them,” subject to U.S. jurisdiction are blocked and must be reported to OFAC. U.S. persons are generally prohibited from engaging in any dealings involving the property or interests in property of blocked or designated persons, unless exempt or authorized by a general or specific license.
OFAC amends Venezuela-related general license
On February 2, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control issued Venezuela-related General License (GL) 30A, which authorizes certain necessary to port and airport operations that would otherwise be prohibited by Executive Order (E.O.) 13884, as incorporated into the Venezuela Sanctions Regulations. (See previous InfoBytes coverage here.) Effective February 2, G.L. 30A replaces G.L. 30, which was issued in August of 2019.