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CFPB Issues Final Rule Delaying Effective Date for Prepaid Accounts Rule to April 1, 2018
On April 20, the CFPB released a final rule delaying the general effective date of its rule governing prepaid accounts by six months, to April 1, 2018. As previously covered in InfoBytes, the Bureau, after reviewing comments, decided last month to delay the effective date of the rule—which, among other things, provides consumers with additional federal protections under the Electronic Fund Transfer Act on prepaid financial products, mobile wallets, person-to-person payment products, and other electronic accounts with the ability to store funds. The CFPB explained that the six-month extension “provides for an appropriate balance between the interests of the consumers who will receive the benefits of the rule and the needs of industry for an adequate implementation period.” For additional background information, please see our earlier InfoBytes coverage of the Prepaid Rule.
CFPB Releases Updates to Rulemaking Ex Parte Policy
On April 18, the CFPB issued a release revising its Policy on Ex Parte Presentations in Rulemaking Proceedings. The Policy, originally posted on the Bureau’s website on August 16, 2011, generally requires public disclosure of ex parte communications made to the CFPB’s decision-making staff about pending rules. Per the release, the Bureau asserts that the updates are based on feedback from the public as well as the Bureau’s experiences in implementation and are intended to ensure “fairness and transparency in [the Bureau’s] rulemaking proceedings while also encouraging candid input from state entities.” The majority of the revisions are non-substantive and serve to “clarify the Policy’s provisions and requirements, ensure consistency in terminology . . ., make technical amendments, and facilitate compliance with the procedures in the Policy.” However, the revision includes two key updates. First, it adds an exemption for state entities, similar to the exemption that exists for Federal agencies. These state entities include state attorneys general or their equivalents, state bank regulators, and “state agencies that license, supervise, or examine consumer financial products or services.” The Bureau states that due to the sometimes sensitive nature of the communications from the entities, it “believes that these entities are likely to provide more frank and robust feedback if communications are not subject to the disclosure requirements of the Policy.” A second key update to the Policy specifies that outside parties no longer bear responsibility for both sending ex parte communications to the Bureau and posting them to regulations.gov. Rather, stakeholders are instructed to send communications directly to the Bureau, and Bureau staff will post the communications to the public docket. The updated Policy also extends the time period for outside parties to summarize meetings and presentations from three to ten business days.
OCC Updates Comptroller’s Handbook, Issues New Guidance for Evaluating Retail Lending Risk Management
On April 12, the OCC issued Bulletin OCC 2017-15 announcing its new booklet, “Retail Lending,” which discusses retail lending risks and measures for evaluating retail credit risk management activities. The booklet, part of the Comptroller’s Handbook, applies to “examinations of all institutions engaged in retail lending” and supplements the following core assessment sections: “Large Bank Supervision,” “Community Bank Supervision,” and “Federal Branches and Agency Supervision.” According to the Bulletin, Examiners should reference this booklet when review beyond the core assessment is appropriate because the specific products, services, or activities “have a material impact on the risk profile and financial condition” of banks. The new booklet describes (i) “characteristics of an effective retail credit risk management framework”; (ii) “criteria examiners should consider when evaluating retail credit originations, account management, collections, and portfolio management activities and processes”; and (iii) “objectives of control functions commonly used in a retail lending business to measure performance, make decisions about risk, and assess the effectiveness of processes and personnel.”
Special Alert: CFPB Proposes Amendments to 2015 HMDA Rule
On April 13, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) issued a proposal to amend the 2015 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) rule. The changes are primarily for the purpose of clarifying data collection and reporting requirements, and most of the clarifications and revisions would take effect in January 2018. Comments on the CFPB’s proposal are due 30 days after publication in the Federal Register.
The CFPB describes the changes as being non-substantive in nature, noting that the proposal is meant to provide “clarifications, technical corrections, or minor changes.” While we describe the more significant proposed amendments below in greater detail, highlights of the proposal include:- Clarification of the definitions of “automated underwriting system,” “closed-end mortgage loan” (specifically, extension of credit), “dwelling” (specifically, multifamily residential structures and communities), “home improvement loan,” and “home purchase loan” (specifically, construction and permanent financing)
- Permission for institutions to report “not applicable” for loan purpose and the loan originator’s Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System and Registry ID when reporting certain purchased loans originated before Regulation Z’s loan originator rules took effect
- Clarification of the exclusions for temporary financing and construction loans, commercial or business purpose loans, financial institutions that do not meet the loan-volume threshold, and new funds in advance of consolidation with New York State consolidation, extension, and modification agreements (CEMA)
- Provision of a safe harbor for bona-fide errors related to incorrect census tract reporting if the institution properly uses the geocoding tool published on the CFPB website
Click here to read full special alert***
If you have questions about the amendments or other related issues, visit our Consumer Financial Protection Bureau practice for more information, or contact a Buckley Sandler attorney with whom you have worked in the past.
CFPB Proposes Amendment to Regulation C to Clarify HMDA Rule
On April 13, the CFPB announced the release of its proposal to amend Regulation C (12 CFR Part 1003), the regulation that implemented the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) and requires lenders to collect, report and disclose data on home loan applications, originations, and purchases of mortgage loans. On October 15, 2015, the Bureau updated the HMDA reporting requirements to expand the data collection scope, while simultaneously streamlining certain existing requirements (see Special Alert: CFPB Adopts Significant Expansion of HMDA Reporting Requirements). According to the Bureau’s press release, the 2017 proposed amendment is intended to “help financial institutions comply with the 2015 HMDA Final Rule by clarifying the information they are required to collect and report about their mortgage lending.” Specifically, the regulation, as amended, will establish “transition rules” for both “loan purpose” and the “unique identifier” for the loan originator. The transition rules will also allow financial institutions to report “not applicable” for these two data points. Furthermore, the proposal will make additional amendments to clarify certain key terms, such as “temporary financing” and “automated underwriting system,” and create a new reporting exception for certain transactions associated with New York State agreements. Comments on the proposal will be due within 30 days of its publication in the Federal Register.
Additional information and materials covering the new HMDA Rule (amending Regulation C) can also be found in Buckley Sandler’s HMDA Resource Center. And, as recently covered by InfoBytes, the CFPB has also made available two webinars and various "Quick Reference" guides that help explain the HMDA.
Fed/CFPB OIG Releases Strategic Plan 2017-2020
On April 11, the Office of Inspector General (OIG) for the Fed and the CFPB published its Strategic Plan 2017–2020, providing an overview of the OIG’s organizational objectives for the next four years, as well as the indicators it will use to measure its performance as the “trusted oversight organization” of the Fed and the CFPB. According to a “Message From the Inspector General,” the Strategic Plan, is “the culmination of an extensive process that included a thorough functional assessment and organizational review of the OIG,” as well as an “extensive rebranding initiative.” The plan notes, among other things, that in order to “effectively engage all [its] stakeholders,” it is important that the OIG “successfully communicate [its] mission,” and “timely and effectively communicate [its] results.”
FDIC Releases Third Volume in its Affordable Mortgage Lending Guide
On April 6, the FDIC released the third volume of its Affordable Mortgage Lending Guide (Guide). The Guide is designed to help community bankers understand and compare various affordable mortgage-related programs, as well as their Community Reinvestment implications. This third installment of the Guide provides an overview of Federal Home Loan Bank programs designed to support single-family home purchases, such as down payment and closing cost assistance—many of which can be used in conjunction with other federal and state housing finance agency and government-sponsored enterprise programs. The Guide also provides alternatives for selling mortgages on the secondary market. As previously reported in InfoBytes, the first and second volumes in the series were published last year.
FDIC Q4 2016 Quarterly Banking Profile Reveals Community Bank Deposits, Office Count Both Up; OCC Reports Uptick in Mortgage Performance through End of 2016
Earlier this week, the FDIC released the latest issue of both its Quarterly Banking Profile and the FDIC Quarterly Report–a “comprehensive summary of the most current financial results for the banking industry” that is published quarterly by the FDIC’s Division of Insurance and Research. According to its latest Report, community banks—which represent 92 percent of insured institutions—reported net income of $5.6 billion in the fourth quarter of 2016, a 10.5% increase over 2015. According to the Report, “the increase was driven by higher net interest income and noninterest income, which was partly offset by higher loan-loss provisions and noninterest expense.” The Report also reveals an 8.3 percent 12-month growth rate in loan balances at community banks. The Report notes further that “community banks accounted for 43 percent of small loans to businesses.” Notably, the FDIC observed that, although deposits across the banking industry grew, the number of non-community bank offices actually shrank. By contrast, however, the number of community banks increased during 2016.
Also this week, the OCC announced the release of its “OCC Mortgage Metrics Report, Fourth Quarter 2016,” its quarterly report based on performance data from seven national bank servicers, including over a third of all outstanding U.S. residential mortgages. As explained in the OCC’s Q4 2016 Report, foreclosure activity declined and mortgage performance continued to improve through the fourth quarter of 2016, with 94.7 percent of mortgages current and performing at the end of 2016, compared with 94.1 percent a year earlier. Servicers initiated 45,495 new foreclosures in the fourth quarter, a decrease of 5.1 percent from previous quarter and a decrease of 28.2 percent year-over-year. Notably, the number of mortgage modifications—most involving a reduction in borrower monthly payments—similarly reflected a substantial 9.3 percent decrease from the previous quarter. The OCC also notes, among other things, that the percentage of seriously delinquent mortgages dropped to 2.3 percent of the portfolio, down from 2.7 percent reported in the fourth quarter a year earlier.
CFPB Proposes Amendment to Regulation B to Harmonize Regulation B with Other Mortgage Lending Regulations
On March 24, the CFPB announced the release of its proposal to amend Regulation B (12 CFR Part 1002), which implements the ECOA, a federal civil rights law that protects applicants from discrimination by lenders. According to the Bureau, the proposed amendment is intended to “provide additional flexibility for mortgage lenders concerning the collection of consumer demographic information.” Specifically, the regulation, as amended, would allow lenders to use the updated Uniform Residential Loan Application form adopted by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in 2016, rather than the 2004 version currently included in Regulation B, along with additional changes that would permit lenders to employ more uniform practices.
As explained in a March 24 CFPB blog post, a core justification for the proposed change is consistency and clarity with respect to other Bureau rules. While ECOA and Regulation B generally prohibit creditors from asking loan applicants about their race, religion, ethnicity, national origin, or gender, in some cases, such as mortgage loans, other regulations (i.e., Regulation C and the HMDA) require creditors to specifically ask for some of the very same information – including, for instance, race and ethnicity. To address this issue, the proposed amendments would allow institutions not subject to HMDA reporting requirements to choose on an “application-by-application basis” between two approaches to collecting personal demographic data from applicants: either the more limited, aggregate race and ethnicity categories required by Regulation B, or the disaggregated and more expansive categories required for HMDA-reporting institutions under revisions to Regulation C effective in 2018. The new rule would also create a safe harbor allowing for the collection (in certain circumstances) of data previously barred by Regulation B, establish consistent race and ethnicity categories that could be used in complying with both Regulation B and C.
Comments on the proposal will be due within 30 days of its publication in the Federal Register.
OCC to Host Workshops for Community Bank Directors in April
On April 25 and 26, the OCC will be hosting two workshops for directors of national community banks and federal savings associations supervised by the OCC. The April 25 workshop will cover “Risk Governance,” including both practical information to help directors effectively measure and manage risks, and insight into the OCC’s approach to risk-based supervision and major risks in the financial industry. The April 26 workshop will focus specifically on credit risk within a loan portfolio, including how to stay informed of changes in credit risk, identifying trends, recognizing problems, the roles of the board and management, and how to effect change.