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Freddie Mac updates Covid-19 servicing guidance
On April 8, Freddie Mac updated previous guidance to servicers relating to working with borrowers impacted by Covid-19. Among other things, the guidance: (i) requires servicers to report activity to the credit bureaus for borrowers impacted by Covid-19; (ii) suspends all foreclosure actions, including initiation of the foreclosure process; (iii) waives milestone timelines for filing motions for relief from automatic stay in bankruptcy cases; (iv) waives requirements that forbearance cannot extend a delinquency beyond 12 months; (v) confirms that servicers must send the borrower the forbearance plan agreement to reflect the terms of the Covid-19 forbearance; and (vi) requires servicers to make good faith efforts at quality right party contact to evaluate the borrower for a forbearance plan. The guidance also clarifies that servicers should not submit disaster reporting codes for Covid-19 related issues, stating that Freddie Mac will continue to address the Covid-19 pandemic as unique and distinct from other “eligible disaster” provisions in the Freddie Mac guides.
Fannie Mae updates Covid-19 servicing guidance
On April 8, Fannie Mae updated its guidance to single-family servicers regarding the impact of Covid-19 on servicing. In particular, the guidance revises prior guidance on offering forbearance plans to comply with the recent enactment of the federal CARES Act. Among the updates to the servicer guidance are: (i) clarifying responsibilities relating to achieving “quality right party contact” for borrowers in a forbearance plan; (ii) providing a specific delinquency code for use in reporting to Fannie Mae; (iii) granting flexibility for inspections; (iv) extending deadlines for submission of financial statements and Form 582 to April 30; (v) clarifying forbearance plan terms; (vi) eliminating the requirement that the servicer determine occupancy status prior to evaluating a borrower for a workout option; (vii) requiring that the servicer comply with FCRA and report borrowers affected by Covid-19; and (viii) requiring servicers to suspend all foreclosure related activities to comply with the CARES Act and suspend filing motions for relief in bankruptcy cases.
Fannie Mae provides Covid-19 forbearance guidance for multifamily lenders and servicers
On April 7, Fannie Mae issued a letter providing Covid-19 forbearance process guidance for multifamily lenders and servicers. In particular, multifamily lenders and servicers are required to use the Multifamily Asset Management Portal (MAMP) to submit delegated forbearance notifications and supporting documentation, and complete and submit reporting on delegated forbearance notifications using the Delegated Forbearance Tracking spreadsheet on the first business day of each week. Non-delegated forbearance requests must also be submitted through MAMP.
Agencies revise reporting guidance during Covid-19 pandemic
On April 7, the Federal Reserve (Fed), FDIC, OCC, CFPB, and NCUA (agencies) issued a revised interagency statement for financial institutions regarding loan modifications for customers affected by Covid-19. As previously covered by InfoBytes, the agencies issued the initial interagency statement on March 22, which stated that the agencies would not require loan modifications made as a result of Covid-19 to be categorized as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), and additionally that the agencies would not criticize implementation by financial institutions of credit risk mitigation procedures.
Among other things, the revised interagency statement encourages financial institutions to continue to adhere to consumer protection laws, such as fair lending laws, as they assist borrowers who have been negatively impacted by Covid-19. The agencies take a favorable view of loan modification programs intended to assist borrowers affected by Covid-19 and note that financial institutions will not be criticized “for working with borrowers in a safe and sound manner.” In addition, with respect to credit risks, examiners will refrain from issuing automatic adverse risk ratings when reviewing loan modifications impacted by Covid-19. The revised statement explains that the CARES Act created a forbearance program for borrowers affected by Covid-19, and that under Section 4013 of the Act, financial institutions are not required to “report section 4013 loans as TDRs in regulatory reports.” Furthermore, deferrals granted to borrowers affected by Covid-19 do not need to be classified as “past due because of the deferral.”
Freddie Mac issues guidance to seller/servicers on business continuity plans, borrower relief
On April 3, Freddie Mac issued guidance reminding seller/servicers to maintain a business continuity plan in accordance with the requirements of the Freddie Mac Single Family Seller/Servicer Guide. Sellers and servicers are expected to maintain the business continuity plan and to follow the plan during the Covid-19 pandemic. The guidance noted that Freddie Mac communicated with document custodians at four banks to confirm their business continuity plans are in place, and urged sellers using other document custodians to inquire with those custodians about their business continuity plans. Finally, the guidance summarized the relief that servicers should provide to borrowers impacted by Covid-19, including mortgage forbearance, waiving penalties and fees, halting foreclosure sales and evictions, suspending credit bureau reporting for delinquency related to forbearance, and offering loan modifications after the forbearance period.
CFPB releases video to explain mortgage forbearance
On April 3, the CFPB announced the release of a video, which seeks to explain mortgage forbearance provided pursuant to the CARES Act. The announcement provides links to additional resources for consumers experiencing financial hardship due to the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition to the video, the resources include (i) mortgage relief, covered by InfoBytes here; (ii) student loans, covered by InfoBytes here; (iii) warning about scams; and (iv) “[o]nline and mobile banking tips for beginners.” Also on April 3, the Bureau updated guidance entitled Protect yourself financially from the impact of the coronavirus.
HUD issues mortgage relief for FHA single-family homeowners
On April 1, HUD issued guidance detailing mortgage relief options for single-family homeowners with FHA mortgages impacted by Covid-19. HUD explains that the CARES Act requires mortgage servicers to provide mortgage relief to borrowers with options for payment deferral or payment forbearance “for up to six months, and must provide an additional six months of forbearance if requested by the borrower.” In addition, Mortgagee Letter 2020-06 states that borrowers with forbearance plans will have all late charges, fees, and penalties waived as long as the plans are in effect. Although servicers are required to comply with the FCRA, the Mortgagee Letter instructs servicers not to report a borrower as delinquent if the borrower is in a Covid-19 forbearance plan and “performing as agreed,” and further suggests that servicers should “consider the impacts” of Covid-19 “on Borrowers’ financial situations and any flexibilities a Servicer may have under the FCRA.” The Mortgagee Letter also provides a mortgage relief option for “seniors with Home Equity Conversion Mortgages” who can request an extension of up to six months initially, which may be extended up to an additional six months. This mortgage relief option also requires that all late fees, charges, and penalties be waived during the extension period. Borrowers with owner-occupied properties who are granted forbearance plans must also be evaluated for a “C[ovid]-19 National Emergency Standalone Partial Claim” prior to the end of the plan. This option will allow borrowers to reinstate their loans after the plan ends.
Financial institution regulators provide Covid-19 mortgage servicer guidance
On April 3, the Federal Reserve (Fed), CSBS, CFPB, FDIC, NCUA, and the OCC (agencies) jointly announced an interagency statement (Joint Statement) to clarify the agencies’ supervisory and enforcement approach “regarding certain consumer communications required by the mortgage servicing rules” under Regulation X during the Covid-19 pandemic. Along with the Joint Statement, the CFPB released FAQs on the mortgage servicing rules during the pandemic. The agencies advised mortgage servicers to consider both the Joint Statement and the FAQs “when developing approaches to work with borrowers.”
The Joint Statement, among other things, gives mortgage servicers greater flexibility to provide CARES Act forbearance of up to 180 days and other short-term options upon the request of borrowers with federally backed mortgages without having to adhere to otherwise applicable compliance rules. In addition, the Joint Statement provides that no supervisory or enforcement action will be taken for delays in: (i) “sending the written early intervention notice to delinquent borrowers”; (ii) “establishing or making good faith efforts to establish live contact with delinquent borrowers”; or (iii) “sending the loss mitigation-related notices.”
Special Alert: CARES Act places significant burdens on servicers of consumer debt but provides some relief to depositories
President Trump late last week signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act that attempts to soften the negative economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on consumers, including by suspending payments for certain student loan borrowers and enabling mortgage loan borrowers to easily obtain temporary forbearances. The act also provides certain limited regulated relief for banks and credit unions.
This Special Alert summarizes the provisions providing relief to borrowers with federal student loans and the provisions of Title IV that dictate the manner in which servicers and collectors report borrowers to consumer reporting bureaus; provide forbearance, foreclosure, and eviction relief throughout the housing market; and provide limited regulatory relief to depository institutions.
Buckley issued a separate Special Alert on the Small Business Administration-related provisions contained in Title I of the act and will be covering separately the new Special Inspector General’s office created by the act, False Claims Act considerations, and other liability risks that we expect to arise.
CFPB issues guidance for Covid-19 mortgage relief options
On March 31, the CFPB released guidance for consumers who have been negatively impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic and may have difficulty making mortgage or rent payments. Pursuant to the recently passed CARES Act, for homeowners with federally backed mortgages, no foreclosures may be initiated for 60 days beginning on March 18, and homeowners financially impacted by Covid-19 have the right to a forbearance of up to 180 days. The guidance lays out mortgage relief options as well as the process for homeowners to determine the programs for which they qualify. According to the guidance, the CARES Act also protects renters by suspending evictions for 120 days beginning on March 27 if the landlord has a federally backed mortgage. The guidance notes that even if the landlord does not have a federally backed mortgage, most states have also suspended evictions during the pandemic. The guidance also includes information on how homeowners can request mortgage relief from their servicers, including sample questions and other tips. Further, the guidance cautions homeowners to carefully monitor their mortgage statements and credit reports and describes how to avoid scams.