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FinCEN Releases Summaries of Customer Due Diligence Roundtable Meetings
This week, FinCEN published summaries of a series of roundtable meetings held to obtain stakeholder feedback on the agency’s proposed rulemaking on customer due diligence. The meetings, held in September and October in Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago, provided a forum to discuss key issues regarding the proposed rulemaking, including (i) the definition of “beneficial ownership,” (ii) practices to obtain and verify beneficial ownership, and (iii) challenges associated with specific products, services, and relationships.
FinCEN, Federal Reserve Board Propose Changes to Certain Bank Secrecy Act Definitions
On November 29, FinCEN and the Federal Reserve Board announced that they are seeking comments on a proposed rule to amend the definitions of "funds transfer" and "transmittal of funds" set forth in the regulations implementing the Bank Secrecy Act. The proposed rule explains that the changes are designed to ensure that the current scope of the definitions is not expanded, following recent related amendments to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act. Comments on the proposed rule are due by January 25, 2013.
FinCEN, FDIC, and DOJ Announce Coordinated Anti-Money Laundering Enforcement Action and Settlement
On November 19, FinCEN and the FDIC announced that a state bank agreed to pay a $15 million civil money penalty to resolve the bank’s “history of noncompliance” with Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) and anti-money laundering (AML) requirements, including recent allegations that the bank failed to implement an effective BSA/AML Compliance Program with reasonable internal controls. Specifically, the federal agencies alleged that the bank failed to adequately oversee third-party payment processor relationships and related products and services. The payment also resolves parallel civil claims by the DOJ that the bank violated the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act (FIRREA) by originating withdrawal transactions on behalf of fraudulent merchants and causing money to be taken from the bank accounts of consumer victims. Concurrent with the federal action, the Delaware Office of State Bank Commissioner terminated the bank’s state charter.
AML Regulatory Initiatives Highlighted at ABA/ABA Money Laundering Enforcement Conference
Last week, Treasury Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, David Cohen, and new FinCEN Director Jennifer Shasky Calvery addressed the American Bankers Association/American Bar Association Money Laundering Enforcement Conference. Ms. Calvery and Mr. Cohen announced the formation of an interagency anti-money laundering (AML) task force comprised of Treasury officials, federal banking regulators, and enforcement agencies charged with conducting a comprehensive review of the AML regulatory and enforcement structure to address any gaps, redundancies or inefficiencies in the framework. Ms. Calvery further explained that the Bank Secrecy Act Advisory Group is exploring ways to reduce the variance between compliance risk and illicit financing risk. Ms. Calvery also stressed the importance of electronic filings, and urged financial institutions to adopt the new FinCEN reports before the April 1, 2013 deadline. Mr. Cohen discussed a proposed customer due diligence regulation, which would extend customer due diligence obligations by requiring institutions to collect information on an account’s beneficial owner. In connection with that rulemaking, FinCEN this week announced the last in a series of roundtable discussions to gather information from stakeholders and discuss key issues relating to the proposed rule. This final roundtable will be held on December 3, 2012, at the Miami Branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
DOJ Obtains $100 Million Money Laundering Settlement from Money Services Business
On November 9, the DOJ announced that a money services business (MSB) agreed to enter into a deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) and pay $100 million for failing to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program and for aiding and abetting wire fraud. The DOJ alleged that over a roughly five year period (2004-2009) the MSB profited on thousands of transactions processed on behalf of agents known to be involved in an international fraud scheme. The MSB’s senior management deferred to sales department executives and ignored recommendations from the MSB’s fraud department that certain agents known to be engaged in fraud be terminated, according to the DOJ. Moreover, the DOJ states that the MSB systematically and willfully failed to meet AML obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act, including by failing to (i) implement policies or procedures to file the required Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) when victims reported fraud on transactions over $2,000, (ii) file SARs on agents known to be involved in the fraud, (iii) conduct effective AML audits of its agents and outlets, (iv) conduct adequate due diligence on prospective and existing agents by verifying that a legitimate business existed, and (v) sufficiently resource and staff its AML program.
Pursuant to the DPA, the MSB must (i) create an independent compliance and ethics committee of the board of directors with direct oversight of the chief compliance officer and the compliance program, (ii) adopt a global anti-fraud and anti-money laundering standard to ensure that their agents throughout the world will, at a minimum, be required to adhere to U.S. anti-fraud and anti-money laundering standards, (iii) adopt a bonus system that rates all executives on success in meeting compliance obligations, with failure making the executive ineligible for any bonus for that year, and (iv) adopt enhanced due diligence for agents deemed to be high risk or operating in a high-risk area. The MSB also agreed to retain an independent monitor that will oversee implementation and maintenance of these enhanced compliance obligations, evaluate the overall effectiveness of its anti-fraud and anti-money laundering programs, and report regularly to the DOJ.
FinCEN Publishes Mortgage Fraud Update and SAR Activity Review, Updates Electronic Filing Specifications
This week FinCEN published a new SAR Activity Review and a Mortgage Loan Fraud Update. This issue of the semiannual SAR Activity Review provides (i) the results of a survey of readers of the Trends, Tips & Issues and By the Numbers publications, (ii) an article on foreign-located money services businesses that have registered with FinCEN, (iii) feedback on FinCEN data from state and local law enforcement agencies, and (iv) articles focused on changes to SAR reports and tips for writing more effective narratives. The SAR Activity Review also provides an industry perspective on the AML risks presented by business funded prepaid cards. In the Mortgage Loan Fraud Update, FinCEN provides data regarding recent mortgage SAR activity during the second quarter of 2012. Overall, FinCEN experienced a 41% decrease in mortgage fraud SARs over the previous year, but SARs regarding foreclosure rescue scams continued to grow. FinCEN believes the growth in foreclosure-related filings could be attributed to a growing awareness of such scams and real estate market conditions.
On October 10, FinCEN issued updates to its electronic filing requirements for Currency Transaction Reports, Suspicious Activity Reports, and Designation of Exempt Person Forms. The updates do not include any new or deleted fields but do provide clarifications in the instructions for certain fields and other technical changes.
OCC Refines Consideration of BSA/AML Examination Findings
On September 28, the OCC issued Bulletin 2012-30 to refine how examiners consider Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering (BSA/AML) examination findings in the FFIEC Uniform Ratings System and the OCC’s risk assessment system for national banks and federal savings associations, and in the Risk Management, Operational Controls, Compliance, and Asset Quality ratings and risk assessment system for federal branches and agencies of foreign banking organizations. To align OCC practices with those of other federal regulators, OCC examiners no longer consider BSA/AML findings when assigning consumer compliance ratings. However, the findings still are considered when assessing overall compliance risk. Additionally, the current practice of considering such findings in the safety and soundness context will continue, and serious compliance deficiencies create a presumption that a bank’s management component rating will be hurt. Similarly, current practices regarding consideration of findings with regard to foreign banks remain applicable.
FinCEN Publishes Form for Electronic Reporting of Cash Payments
On September 19, FinCEN announced the availability of electronic reporting of cash payments. Under the Bank Secrecy Act any person engaged in a trade or business that, in the course of that trade or business, receives more than $10,000 in cash in one transaction or in two or more related transactions is required to report such transactions. FinCEN encourages covered persons to begin using the new electronic Form 8300 to report cash payments. FinCEN will continue to accept paper filings of Form 8300 for the near future, but eventually will require electronic filing of all reports.
FinCEN Launches New Data Portal for Law Enforcement Authorities
On September 10, FinCEN announced that its new search application providing access to data collected and maintained by FinCEN is now available for use by authorized users from other state and federal law enforcement and regulatory authorities. FinCEN has completed a series of meetings with other law enforcement officials to introduce them to FinCEN Query, a tool that will allow those authorities to access and analyze eleven years of data collected by FinCEN through its enforcement of the Bank Secrecy Act. The new tool replaces the existing database with updated technology to provide more complex search and analysis capabilities.
FinCEN Issues Reminder Regarding New AML Compliance Obligations for Non-Bank Residential Mortgage Lenders and Originators
On August 13, FinCEN reminded non-bank residential mortgage lenders and originators (RMLOs) that their obligation to comply with new anti-money laundering (AML) regulations started this week. In February, FinCEN finalized a rule to extend to RMLOs certain AML regulations already applicable to other types of financial institutions, requiring non-bank RMLOs to establish AML compliance programs and file suspicious activity reports (SARs). The rule took effect April 16, 2012, but non-bank RMLOs had until August 13, 2012 to comply. This week’s announcement, as well as an advisory issued by FinCEN on August 16, remind covered companies that all FinCEN reports must be filed electronically and provide other compliance guidance. For additional information and compliance tips, please check out BuckleySandler’s three-part Spotlight Series on these new requirements for non-bank RMLOs.