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Vermont Department of Financial Regulation issues guidance to Vermont chartered banks and credit unions
On March 16, the Vermont Department of Financial Regulation issued guidance to Vermont chartered banks and credit unions regarding working with affected customers. Financial institutions are encouraged to, among other things, waive certain fees (e.g., ATM, overdraft, late payment fees), ease restrictions on cashing out-of-state and non-member checks, increase credit card limits for credit worthy borrowers, and offer payment accommodations. Prudent efforts to modify the terms on existing loans for affected customers will not be subject to examiner criticism and, generally, the department supports and will not criticize efforts to accommodate customers in a safe and sound manner. The guidance also addresses: (i) financial condition review, supervisory response, and regulatory relief; (ii) regulatory reporting requirements; and (iii) alternative service options.
Utah Department of Financial Institutions issues guidance to credit unions
On March 16, the Utah Department of Financial Institutions issued a statement encouraging credit unions to take steps to meet the financial services needs of members and communities affected by Covid-19. Credit unions are encouraged to, among other things, waive certain fees (e.g., ATM, overdraft, late payment fees), increase ATM daily cash withdrawal limits, ease restrictions on cashing out-of-state and non-member checks, increase credit card limits for credit worthy borrowers, and offer payment accommodations. Prudent efforts to modify the terms on existing loans for affected members will not be subject to examiner criticism and, generally, the department supports and will not criticize efforts to accommodate members in a safe and sound manner. The guidance also addresses: (i) financial condition review, supervisory response, and regulatory relief; (ii) regulatory reporting requirements; and (iii) alternative service options.
Minnesota Commerce Department instructs banks on temporary closures
On March 12, the Minnesota Commerce Department issued guidance on emergency closures for banks, and a similar guidance for credit unions. In an emergency (including for Covid-19 or other pandemic, related conditions), officers have the authority to decide not to open or to close an already open office, but prior approval is needed for closures lasting more than 48 hours, excluding legal holidays. The Department should be notified of closures as soon as practical. On March 17, the Department issued a clarification that a bank is not considered closed if it elects to close the lobby but maintains drive-through service or if the lobby is open (i.e., not by appointment-only basis) but not immediately accessible due to locked doors.
Montana regulator permits state banks, credit unions to close
On March 12, the Montana Division of Banking and Financial Institutions issued a proclamation permitting state-chartered banks and credit unions located in Montana to close any office to protect the health and safety of employees and customers. The proclamation orders all institutions to develop and implement plans to continue providing essential financial services to their customers via ATMs, mobile applications, or drive through windows. Additionally, the proclamation orders all institutions unable to continue providing essential services to immediately notify the Division.
OCC releases December enforcement actions
On January 16, the OCC released a list of recent enforcement actions taken against national banks, federal savings associations, and individuals currently and formerly affiliated with such entities. The new enforcement actions include formal agreements, prohibition orders, and terminations of existing enforcement actions against individuals and banks. Included among the actions is a formal agreement issued against an Illinois-based bank on December 18 for alleged unsafe or unsound practices relating to, among other things, consumer compliance. The agreement requires the bank to (i) establish a compliance committee to monitor the bank’s progress in complying with the agreement’s provisions; (ii) report such progress to the bank’s board on a quarterly basis; and (iii) implement a written consumer compliance program. This program must also include a policies and procedures manual that covers all consumer protection laws, rules, and regulations to which the bank should adhere, an independent audit program, and training of bank personnel in the consumer protection laws, rules, and regulations as appropriate.
Fed provides FAQs for tailoring rules
On January 13, the Federal Reserve Board (Fed) issued SR 20-2, “Frequently Asked Questions on the Tailoring Rules” (FAQs) applicable to bank holding companies, savings and loan companies, U.S. intermediate holding companies with $100 billion or more in total assets, and certain depository institutions. In October, as previously covered by InfoBytes, the Fed and the OCC released a jointly developed framework that set out four categories to be used to classify these banking entities for the purposes of determining regulatory capital and liquidity requirements based on risk. The FAQs provide guidance on the tailoring rules, including answers to questions about Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) requirements, recognition of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, compliance requirements for foreign banking organizations with less than $100 billion in U.S. assets, and the interpretation of “quarterly” in relation to stress testing frequency.
FDIC releases November enforcement actions
On December 27, the FDIC announced a list of administrative enforcement actions taken against banks and individuals in November. The 14 orders include “two consent orders; one civil money penalty; one order terminating consent order; one supervisory prompt corrective directive action; five section 19 orders (prohibiting persons who have been convicted of any criminal offense involving dishonesty, breach of trust, or money laundering from serving as institution-affiliated parties with respect to an insured depository institution); two removal and prohibition orders; and two orders terminating prompt supervisory corrective action directives.” In one action, the FDIC issued a consent order against an Illinois-based bank related to alleged weaknesses in its Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) compliance program. Among other things, the bank is ordered to (i) implement a revised, written BSA compliance program to address BSA and FinCEN regulation provisions, such as suspicious activity reporting, customer due diligence, and beneficial ownership; (ii) update its Customer Due Diligence Program to assure the reasonable detection of suspicious activity; (iii) implement a process for account transaction monitoring; (iv) retain qualified BSA management to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations; (v) implement a comprehensive BSA training program for appropriate personnel; (vi) address automated clearing house (ACH) activity and update policies and procedures to monitor credit risk associated with ACH transactions; and (vii) refrain from entering into any new lines of business prior to conducting appropriate due diligence.
OCC highlights key risks affecting the federal banking system in semiannual risk report
On December 9, the OCC released its Semiannual Risk Perspective for Fall 2019, identifying and reiterating key risk areas that pose a threat to the safety and soundness of national banks and federal savings associations, including credit, operational, and interest rate risks. While the OCC commented that “bank financial performance is sound,” it also advised that “[b]anks should prepare for a cyclical change while credit performance is strong,” emphasizing that “[c]redit risk has accumulated in many portfolios.” The OCC also highlighted that competition with nonbank mortgage and commercial lending could pose a risk as well.
Specific areas of concern that the OCC described include: elevation of operational risk as advances in technology and innovation in core banking systems result in a changing and increasingly complex operating environment; increased use of third-party service providers that contribute to continued threats of fraud; need for prudent credit risk management practices that include “identifying borrowers that are most vulnerable to reduced cash flows from slower than anticipated economic growth”; “volatility in market rates [leading] to increasing levels of interest rate risk”; LIBOR’s anticipated cessation and whether banks have started to determine the potential impact of cessation and develop risk management strategies; and strategic risks facing banks as non-depository financial institutions (NDFI) use evolving technology and expand data analysis abilities (the OCC commented that NDFIs “are strong competitors to bank lending models”). The OCC also noted that there is increased interest from banks in sharing utilities with NDFIs to implement Bank Secrecy Act/anti-money laundering compliance programs and sanctions processes and controls.
FDIC releases September enforcement actions
On October 25, the FDIC announced its release of a list of administrative enforcement actions taken against banks and individuals in September. According to the press release, the FDIC issued 24 orders, which include “one consent order; five removal and prohibition orders; six assessments of civil money penalty; three voluntary terminations of deposit insurance; six section 19 orders; and three terminations of orders of restitution.”
Among other actions, the FDIC assessed separate civil money penalties (CMPs) against four banks for alleged violations of the Flood Disaster Protection Act:
- New Jersey-based bank CMP: Failure to (i) notify borrowers that they should obtain flood insurance; and (ii) follow force-placement flood insurance procedures;
- Wisconsin-based bank CMP: Failure to (i) maintain flood insurance coverage for the term of a loan; (ii) follow force-placement flood insurance procedures; and (iii) provide written notice to borrowers concerning flood insurance coverage prior to extending, increasing, or renewing a loan;
- Wisconsin-based bank CMP: Failure to (i) follow escrow requirements for flood insurance; and (ii) provide borrowers with notice of the availability of federal disaster relief assistance;
- Wisconsin-based bank CMP: Failure to (i) obtain flood insurance coverage on loans at the time of origination; (ii) obtain adequate flood insurance; (iii) follow escrow requirements for flood insurance; (iv) follow force-placement flood insurance procedures; and (v) provide borrowers with notice of the availability of federal disaster relief assistance.
The FDIC also assessed a CMP against an Oregon-based bank for allegedly violating RESPA and the TCPA by (i) placing telemarketing calls to consumers listed on the Do-Not-Call registry; and (ii) using an automated dialing system to send pre-recorded calls or text messages to consumers’ cell phones.
Additionally, the FDIC entered a notice of charges and hearing against a Georgia-based bank relating to alleged weaknesses in its Bank Secrecy Act compliance program.
Federal agencies update host state loan-to-deposit ratios
On August 9, the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, and the OCC released the current host state loan-to-deposit ratios for each state or U.S. territory, which the agencies use to determine compliance with Section 109 of the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994. Under the Act, banks are prohibited from establishing or acquiring branches outside of their home state for the primary purpose of deposit production. Branches of banks controlled by out-of-state bank holding companies are also subject to the same restriction. Determining compliance with Section 109 requires a comparison of a bank’s estimated statewide loan-to-deposit ratio to the yearly host state loan-to-deposit ratios. If a bank’s statewide ratio is less than one-half of the yearly published host state ratio, an additional review is required by the appropriate agency, which involves a determination of whether a bank is reasonably helping to meet the credit needs of the communities served by the bank’s interstate branches. Banks that do not meet the compliance requirements are subject to sanctions by the OCC. Notably, Section 109 is not applicable to federal savings associations or community banks with covered interstate branches.