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HUD Proposes Expansion of Mortgagee Evaluation System, Clarifies Good Neighbor Sales Program Rules
On June 12, HUD proposed in Mortgagee Letter 2013-21 revisions to the system used by the FHA to measure and inform mortgagees of their loss mitigation performance. The proposed revisions involve more comprehensive metrics to evaluate mortgagees on their overall performance with regard to delinquent loan servicing, as opposed to the limited review of default reporting of forbearance actions and loss mitigation and foreclosure claims paid under the current system. HUD is seeking comments on the proposal, which are due by July 12, 2013. Also on June 12, HUD issued Mortgagee Letter 2013-20 to clarify that under its Good Neighbor Next Door Sales Program, which enables eligible participants to purchase at a discount certain designated properties, (i) the mortgage insurance premium is based on the first mortgage only and (ii) the process for submitting requests for an interruption in the owner-occupancy term.
Minnesota Adds Loss Mitigation Requirements, Prohibits Dual Tracking
On May 24, Minnesota enacted SF 1276, which adds pre-foreclosure requirements for most mortgage servicers. Effective August 1, 2013, servicers must notify a borrower in writing of available loss mitigation options before referring the loan for foreclosure. Servicers also must, after receiving a modification or loss mitigation request, exercise reasonable diligence in obtaining documents and information from the mortgagor to complete a loss mitigation application, facilitate the submission and review of loss mitigation applications, and give the mortgagor a reasonable amount of time to provide the required documents. The law further requires servicers to timely review and offer a modification to eligible mortgagors, or timely offer other loss mitigation options for which the mortgagor is eligible. Effective October 31, 2013, except under certain circumstances, servicers generally are prohibited from (i) referring a loan to foreclosure while a loss mitigation or modification request is pending, and (ii) moving for a foreclosure order on loans that already have been referred if the servicer subsequently receives a loss mitigation application. The law also requires servicers to halt foreclosure sales in some instances and prohibits a servicer from moving for a foreclosure order if a mortgagor is in compliance with the terms of a modification or if a short sale has been approved.
HUD Issues Series of Mortgagee Letters
Over the past week, HUD issued numerous mortgagee letters applicable to single-family mortgagees. Mortgagee Letter 2013-14, dated May 9, 2013, establishes documentation requirements for mortgagees to demonstrate eligibility for FHA mortgage insurance of loans when a governmental entity, or its agency or instrumentality, directly provides the borrower’s required minimum cash investment. The letter also provides guidance on resolving concerns with extending secondary financing by a governmental entity when such an entity provides the minimum cash investment through secondary financing. The letter becomes effective July 1, 2013. Also on May 9, HUD issued Mortgagee Letter 2013-15, which introduces new status codes for reporting delinquent mortgages in the Single Family Default Monitoring System and announces a new requirement to report each non-incentivized loan modification. The reporting and status code requirements become effective November 9, 2013. On May 14, HUD issued Mortgagee Letters 2013-16 and 2013-17. The former permits the subordination of partial claim liens for FHA streamlined refinances and eliminates consideration of partial claim notes from the 125% combined loan-to-value ratio calculation for streamlined refinances. Mortgagees have until July 13, 2013 to implement the changes. The latter provides guidance for determining interest rates to use when implementing loss mitigation home retention options for trial payment plans offered on or after July 1, 2013.
HUD Updates FHA Flood Zone Guidance, Issues Lender Insurance Program Guidance
On April 11, HUD issued Mortgagee Letter 2013-11, which amends prior guidance related to the origination and servicing of FHA-insured loans in declared disaster areas. The letter stresses that prior guidance requiring a moratorium on foreclosures of properties in disaster areas for 90 days applies to the initiation of foreclosures and foreclosures already in process. The letter outlines steps servicers should take to determine the appropriate course of action for each borrower, including a review of individual facts and circumstances to determine whether to offer forbearance and other loss mitigation alternatives. The letter details such loss mitigation options and servicer requirements. The policy changes took effect immediately.
On April 9, HUD issued Mortgagee Letter 2013-10 to explain enhancements to the Lender Insurance program that allows high-performing mortgagees to conduct pre-endorsement reviews and insure loans. Those enhancements were implemented by a January 2012 HUD rule. The letter summarizes changes made by that rule, reviews mortgagee eligibility requirements for participation in the Lender Insurance program, and outlines the initial application process. Among other things, the letter also discusses the conditions under which a mortgagee’s lender insurance authority can be terminated or suspended and explains how mortgages with such authority are subject to a revised indemnification policy.
Housing Counselor Survey Alleges Banks Fail to Comply with National Mortgage Settlement.
On April 3, a California borrower advocacy organization published the results of its survey of housing counselors, which the organization claims reveals that problems persist with the implementation of the national servicing settlement’s servicing standards, including with regard to single points of contact, dual tracking, timelines, and documentation. The report also claims that borrowers of color and other groups face additional challenges to obtaining relief under the settlement. The report recommends that (i) the National Mortgage Settlement Monitor and state attorneys general collect, analyze and report the race, ethnicity, gender, and census tract of those who have received assistance and those who have not; (ii) the OCC and the Federal Reserve Board collect, analyze and make public the same data beyond the national settlement, and include all loss mitigation activity; (iii) the CFPB promptly issue a rule to establish new HMDA categories; (iv) the Monitor impose penalties on outliers; (v) the Monitor, the CFPB, and state AGs tighten rules around “complete loan mod app”, servicing transfers, and widows; (vi) regulators prioritize in the revamped Independent Foreclosure Review process principal reduction relief, keeping people in their homes, and restoring wrongful foreclosure victims to their homes by forcing servicers to go back through their files, rescind improper foreclosure sales, and fix mistakes; (vii) authorities provide more financial support for housing counseling and legal services; and (viii) regulators ensure that servicers have sufficient capacity and training to work with homeowners at risk of foreclosure.
Federal Reserve Board and OCC Release Amended Foreclosure Consent Orders
On February 28, the Federal Reserve Board and the OCC jointly released amendments to their enforcement actions against multiple mortgage servicers to resolve allegations that the servicers engaged in improper mortgage servicing and foreclosure processing practices. The amendments resolve consent orders issued in April 2011 by memorializing several recent agreements in principle that provide for $3.6 billion in cash payments and $5.7 billion in other assistance, such as loan modifications and forgiveness of deficiency judgments, to 4.2 million borrowers whose homes were in foreclosure in 2009 or 2010. For the participating servicers, the amendments also replace the requirements related to the Independent Foreclosure Review process set out under the original consent orders. The servicers are also required to undertake loss mitigation efforts focused on foreclosure prevention, and will continue to be monitored by examiners for implementation of corrective actions to address alleged deficient servicing and foreclosure practices.
Illinois Adopts Court Rules Governing Foreclosure Cases
On February 22, the Illinois Supreme Court announced additional rules governing the state’s home foreclosure process. The three rules, respectively, (i) add requirements for mortgage foreclosure mediation programs in state circuit courts and counties (Rule 99.1); (ii) establish required practice, procedure, and notice obligations by the lender as plaintiff (Rule 113); and (iii) require a lender to attest that it has complied with the requirements of any loss mitigation program which applies to the specific home loan (Rule 114). With regard to this final rule, a judge may deny entry of a foreclosure judgment absent the required affidavit. All of the rules take effect on March 1, 2013. Those counties and circuit courts that already have mortgage foreclosure mediation programs in place, including Cook, Will, Peoria, Madison, Bond, McLean and Cane, have until June 1, 2013 to bring their programs into compliance with the new statewide rule on mediation programs.
CSBS and AARMR Comment on CFPB Mortgage Servicing Transfer Bulletin
On February 20, the Conference of State Bank Supervisors (CSBS) and the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators (AARMR) issued a statement commending the CFPB for its recent guidance regarding mortgage servicing transfers. The statement explains that state regulators, who generally have jurisdiction over state member and non-member banks and non-depository institutions, similarly have identified potential for consumer harm when loans are transferred during the loss mitigation process. CSBS and AARMR strongly encourage state-supervised servicers to familiarize themselves with applicable state requirements, the various federal laws, and the CFPB guidance, and stated that they plan to update state uniform servicing examination procedures through appropriate Multistate Mortgage Committee processes to account for the new CFPB Guidance.
House Financial Services Ranking Member Seeks Additional Information Regarding Foreclosure Review Settlements
On February 15, House Financial Services Committee Ranking Member Maxine Waters (D-CA) sent an amended set of requests to the Federal Reserve Board and the OCC regarding the recent agreements in principle to end the Independent Foreclosure Review (IFR) established by consent orders issued in April 2011. Ms. Waters asks that, in advance of finalizing the terms of the agreements, the agencies produce by March 1, 2013: (i) policies and procedures about how loan files were to be reviewed by the IFR independent consultants, and any checklists used; (ii) calls or reports from the consultants to the agencies regarding error rates of reviewed files, or errors by analysts conducting the reviews; (iii) guidelines issued by the agencies to any consultant related to interpretation of the remediation framework; (iv) correspondence between the agencies and any consultant with regard to the servicing platform identified as “Loss Mitigation Notes,” and inconsistencies between the reported availability of borrower records provided by such a program and records entered into any other part of the servicing platform; and (v) any proposed plan for future reform or modification of servicing platforms or procedures generated or submitted by any consultant to the agencies. This request follows related requests made by Ms. Waters and other Democratic lawmakers seeking details pertaining to the settlement.
Freddie Mac Issues Numerous Loss Mitigation Policy Updates
On February 15, Freddie Mac issued Bulletin 2013-3, which provides a series of updates and revisions to its loss mitigation policies. The Bulletin reminds servicers of their obligations with regard to various transfers of property even where the only remaining borrower is a trust, and provides additional details about these obligations. Following Fannie Mae’s announcement last week, Freddie Mac similarly revised certain state foreclosure timelines and policies regarding compensatory fee calculations and reimbursement for property inspections. Effective for mortgages that become delinquent as of June 1, 2013, Freddie Mac will no longer provide a list of states in which servicers are required to preserve Freddie Mac’s right to pursue a deficiency. Instead, in all instances where additional attorney fees/costs will not be incurred above the approved expense limits, servicers must preserve Freddie Mac’s right to pursue a deficiency so that Freddie Mac may decide on a case-by-case basis whether to pursue the deficiency. The Bulletin also notifies servicers that Freddie Mac is eliminating a requirement announced in Bulletin 2012-17 that, for servicers participating in state modification programs, the modification include partial principal forbearance. Finally, the Bulletin also (i) revises Guide Form 710, Uniform Borrower Assistance Form, and medical hardship documentation requirement; (ii) revises requirements related to the verification of alimony, child support and separate maintenance income; (iii) expands the Freddie Mac Service Loans application process to enable servicers to obtain a property value and minimum net proceeds for borrowers being considered for a standard short sales and are less than 31 days delinquent; and (iv) updates the Guide to reflect that the Home Affordable Foreclosure Alternatives initiative is no longer an option in the loss mitigation evaluation hierarchy.