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Texas Joint Financial Regulators issue HELOC guidance
The State of Texas Joint Financial Regulatory Agencies issued guidance pertaining to HELOCs as part of the state’s broader Covid-19 emergency measures pursuant to the governor’s declaration of a state of disaster for Texas on March 13. The agencies’ statement anticipates that lenders may adjust or extend terms on HELOCs and offer new loans during the crisis period, but also clarified that all such modifications and newly-issued loans must comply with Article XVI, Section 50 of the Texas Constitution. The guidance confirmed that modifications that lower the interest rate or amount of installment payments, but that do not satisfy or replace the original note, advance new funds, or increase obligations created by the original note, would not be a new extension of credit under Section 50(a)(6) of the constitution. The State of Texas Joint Financial Regulatory Agencies is comprised of the Texas Department of Banking, Texas Department of Savings and Mortgage Lending, Texas Office of Consumer Credit Commissioner, and Texas Credit Union Department.
Special Alert: Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ease RON requirements
On March 31, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac issued bulletins updating and clarifying their respective requirements for remote online notarizations as they seek to reduce in-person notarizations during the Covid-19 pandemic. Remote online notarization allows a notary to use electronic tools — typically video conferencing — to notarize documents while the signatory is physically located somewhere else. About half the states authorize the use of remote online notarizations, while several additional states have taken emergency actions to allow them in response to the pandemic.
Fannie and Freddie previously had electronic notarization guidance in their Selling Guide and Seller/Servicer Guide, respectively, that limited the use of RONs, as they are called.[1] The March 31 updates ease those requirements and clarify the conditions under which Fannie and Freddie will accept RONs of loans sold to them. Among other things, the bulletins establish:
- Minimum requirements for authentication of signatories
- Security and document integrity requirements
- Restrictions on the physical location of the notary performing the notarial act
- Requirements to comply with certain aspects of the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN) and the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA)
- Specific representations and warranties of the lender
- A list of states (below) in which lenders may sell loans to the GSEs with remote online notarization
- Clarification that they will accept remotely notarized documents meeting the new requirements in any state that, subsequent to the publication of the bulletins, adopts a law that permits the use of RONs or accepts out-of-state RONs.
Florida suspends mortgage foreclosures and certain evictions for 45 days
On April 2, the Florida governor issued an executive order suspending and tolling any statute providing for (i) a mortgage foreclosure cause of action under Florida law for 45 days and (ii) an eviction cause of action under Florida law solely as it relates to non-payment of rent by residential tenants due to the Covid-19 emergency for 45 days.
DOJ reaches $2.47 million settlement to resolve alleged lending violations regarding FHA-insured reverse mortgages
On March 31, the DOJ announced a $2.47 million settlement with an Oklahoma-based mortgage lender in connection with alleged violations of the False Claims Act (FCA) related to an acquired predecessor entity’s origination and underwriting of home equity conversion mortgages (HECM). According to the DOJ, these HECM loans were insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) but failed to meet HUD requirements. The DOJ alleged that, prior to May 2, 2010, the predecessor entity ordered appraisals for HECM loans on forms that provided loan amounts and “otherwise improperly communicated certain information to [appraisers] in an attempt to influence the appraised value, in violation of FHA requirements.” The mortgage lender agreed to pay the DOJ $1.97 million to resolve the FCA claims, as well as $500,000 to HUD to resolve administrative liability allegations. The DOJ’s press release noted that the claims “are allegations only, and [that] there has been no determination of liability.”
Ohio governor calls for moratorium on small business evictions
On April 1, Ohio Governor Mike DeWine signed an executive order calling for a moratorium on small business evictions and foreclosures as part of the state’s Covid-19 emergency measures. The order requests that landlords suspend rent payments and evictions for financially distressed small businesses for a period of at least 90 days. DeWine also requested forbearance for commercial real estate borrowers in the state for the same duration. The order also notes that the Supreme Court of Ohio provided guidance to local courts to temporarily continue the execution of foreclosure judgments, eviction filings, eviction proceedings, and scheduled move-outs.
Arkansas Securities Department provides relief from regulatory deadlines and guidance on notarization
On April 1, the Arkansas Securities Department issued guidance providing relief from certain regulatory deadlines to licensed money services businesses and mortgage companies. The department is providing a 60-day extension to file financial statements and a 30-day extension to submit Call Reports and the MCR Standard Financial Condition Reports. Further, the guidance provides that licensed entities are authorized to use real-time audio and visual means to witness the signing of a legal document so long as the identity and physical presence of any and all witnesses and signers in Arkansas are validated at the time of execution of the document by real-time audio or visual means.
Oregon publishes website with Covid-19 insurance and financial services information for consumers
In late March, Oregon published a website that includes FAQs addressing Covid-19 insurance and financial services information for consumers. The website addresses questions regarding, among other things, making mortgage payments and addressing concerns about keeping money in checking or savings accounts during the Covid-19 outbreak. In addition, the responses to the FAQs indicate that the Division of Financial Regulation is encouraging its regulated lenders and financial service providers to take active measures to provide help to people and businesses affected by the pandemic, including offering loan forbearance plans, fee waivers, and other deferred payment options to their customers.
New Hampshire issues FAQs on foreclosures during pandemic
On March 31, the New Hampshire Banking Department issued FAQs for consumers addressing foreclosures during the Covid-19 pandemic. The FAQs reiterate that New Hampshire Emergency Order #4 establishes a temporary prohibition on all foreclosures while New Hampshire’s Covid-19 state of emergency is in effect, and that the CARES Act gives borrowers with federally-backed mortgage loans the right to request a forbearance based on Covid-19 related financial hardship.
Special Alert: CARES Act places significant burdens on servicers of consumer debt but provides some relief to depositories
President Trump late last week signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act that attempts to soften the negative economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on consumers, including by suspending payments for certain student loan borrowers and enabling mortgage loan borrowers to easily obtain temporary forbearances. The act also provides certain limited regulated relief for banks and credit unions.
This Special Alert summarizes the provisions providing relief to borrowers with federal student loans and the provisions of Title IV that dictate the manner in which servicers and collectors report borrowers to consumer reporting bureaus; provide forbearance, foreclosure, and eviction relief throughout the housing market; and provide limited regulatory relief to depository institutions.
Buckley issued a separate Special Alert on the Small Business Administration-related provisions contained in Title I of the act and will be covering separately the new Special Inspector General’s office created by the act, False Claims Act considerations, and other liability risks that we expect to arise.
FHFA eases loan processing for GSEs
On March 31, the FHFA announced that it has provided flexibility to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (GSEs) in processing loans. According to the announcement, the GSEs will now be allowed to (i) use “desktop appraisals on new construction loans”; (ii) accept an “alternative to the Completion Report” to show that construction is complete; (iii) rely on documents from borrowers to allow draws instead of requiring inspections; and (iv) utilize remote online notarizations and powers of attorney to a greater extent. Fannie Mae updated LL-2020-04 to specifically address temporary appraisal requirements, identification of Fannie Mae loans, and alternatives to complete report Form 1004D. Additionally, Fannie Mae updated LL-2020-03 for single-family sellers, adding remote online notarization, verification of self-employment, age of documentation, market-based assets, powers of attorney, and lender QC requirements. Freddie Mac also covered the FHFA topics in Bulletin 2020-8 with Covid-19-related selling guidance.