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Texas agencies issue emergency guidance for home equity lenders
On April 22, the Texas Department of Banking, Department of Savings and Mortgage Lending, Office of Consumer Credit and Credit Union Department issued revised home equity lending guidance related to making new loans or adjusting existing loans to facilitate recovery efforts. The agencies encouraged lenders to work with borrowers to assist recovery while providing guidance on how lenders can ensure they maintain a valid home equity lien.
Vermont attorney general declares CARES stimulus checks exempt from garnishment/collection
On April 21, Vermont’s attorney general issued a directive to debt collectors, creditors, and financial institutions declaring that CARES Act stimulus payments are exempt from garnishment or collection under Vermont law. In addition, the directive asks banking institutions to voluntarily suspend any set-offs or other collection activity for overdrafts and fees that could impact the stimulus payments.
Maine governor relaxes certain lending requirements for Covid-19 loan guarantee program
On April 21, Maine’s governor issued an executive order concerning the Covid-19 Loan Guarantee Program recently established by Maine’s legislature. The order suspends the enforcement of certain statutory lending requirements law to allow financial institutions to consider a consumer’s creditworthiness and extent the amortization period of loans issued pursuant to the program. The order also extends certain grace periods, repayment periods, and claims provisions.
New York attorney general: CARES Act payments are exempt from setoff, garnishment
On April 21, New York Attorney General Letitia James issued guidance clarifying that New York law exempts emergency stimulus payments made under the CARES Act from garnishment. Additionally, although New York law may, in certain circumstances, permit a bank to seize funds in a consumer’s account to pay a debt owed to the bank, the Office of the Attorney General views such a setoff against a CARES Act payment as unfair and abusive. James warned that the Office of the Attorney General would aggressively pursue any creditor or debt collector that garnishes or exercises a right of setoff against a CARES Act payment in violation of New York law.
Georgia Department of Banking and Finance issues bulletin regarding lending, liquidity, business continuity, and regulatory reporting
The Georgia Department of Banking and Finance has issued its monthly bulletin for financial institutions in which it provides guidance on lending, liquidity, business continuity planning, and regulatory reporting. Among other things, the department reiterates the importance of liquidity risk management during Covid-19 and urges financial institutions to consider the impact of certain scenarios on their liquidity. The department also provides questions that financial institutions should consider as part of their pandemic planning. The bulletin also notes that, for banks and credit unions, the department is implementing electronic document and payment submission for correspondence, applications, and requests, including any applicable fees.
11th Circuit: Borrowers’ state-law claims not preempted by Higher Education Act
On April 10, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit vacated a district court’s dismissal of borrowers’ state law claims against a student loan servicer, holding that the claims were not preempted by the federal Higher Education Act (HEA). The decision results from a lawsuit filed by two federal student loan borrowers who alleged the servicer violated the Florida Consumer Collection Practices Act (FCCPA) and other state laws by making “affirmative misrepresentations to them and to other borrowers that they were on track to have their student loans forgiven based on their public-service employment when, in fact, their loans were ineligible for the forgiveness program.” The borrowers claimed that, after making years of payments, they discovered they were not eligible for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program because most of their loans were not federal direct loans. Both borrowers contended that had they not been misinformed, they would have taken the necessary steps to ensure eligibility. The district court dismissed the borrowers’ claims on the grounds that they were expressly preempted under section 1098g of the HEA, which prohibits the application of state-law disclosure requirements to federal student loans.
On appeal, the 11th Circuit determined that the borrowers’ claims were not expressly preempted by the HEA, concluding that the precise language in section 1098g “preempts only state law that imposes disclosure requirements; state law causes of action arising out of affirmative misrepresentations a servicer voluntarily made that did not concern the subject matter of required disclosures imposes no ‘disclosure requirements.’” Among other things, the appellate court noted that the borrowers did not allege that the servicer failed to provide information it was legally obligated to disclose, but rather that the information provided to the borrowers concerning their eligibility for the PSLF program was false. “Holding [the servicer] liable for offering false information would therefore neither impose nor equate to imposing on servicers a duty to disclose information,” the appellate court wrote. In addition to dismissing the servicer’s field preemption argument, the appellate court reasoned that its decision “does no harm to standardization of disclosures for federal student loan programs.” The court vacated the district court’s dismissal, and remanded the case for further proceedings.
Pennsylvania enacts law allowing for remote/virtual notarization
On April 20, Pennsylvania enacted legislation allowing for remote or virtual notarization for the duration of the Covid-19 emergency and for 60 days thereafter. The statute details the requirements for such notarizations, including that the notary must create and retain an audio-visual recording of the notarial act.
Oregon Division of Financial Regulation issues bulletin permitting temporary work from home for employees of certain licensees
On April 20, the Oregon Division of Financial Regulation issued a revised Bulletin No. DFR 2020-6 temporarily authorizing certain licensees to work from home while transacting business when specific conditions are met. Among other things, the bulletin requires licensed companies to provide prior notice to the DFR of their intent to permit employees to work from home to prevent the spread of Covid-19.
Indiana Supreme Court issues order protecting stimulus payments from attachment or garnishment from creditors
On April 20, the Indiana Supreme Court issued an order in response to a petition for emergency rulemaking to protect stimulus payments under the CARES Act from attempts by private creditors to attach or garnish those payments during the Covid-19 emergency. Pursuant to the order, courts are prohibited from issuing new orders placing a hold on, attaching, or garnishing funds in a judgment-debtor’s account in a depository institution if those funds are attributable to a stimulus payment, with certain exceptions. With respect to previously issued court orders placing a hold on a judgment-debtor’s account in a depository institution, the judgement-debtor is entitled to a hearing, upon request, to determine what funds in the account are attributable to a stimulus payment and for the judgement-debtor to assert any exemption(s) under state or federal law. These measures are effective until the expiration of the Covid-19 public health emergency or until the Indiana Supreme Court suspends the order.
Massachusetts enacts legislation imposing moratorium on certain evictions and foreclosures and requiring forbearance upon request
On April 20, the governor of Massachusetts signed legislation imposing a moratorium on certain eviction and foreclosure proceedings for the earlier of 120 days from the enactment of the legislation or 45 days after the state of emergency. In addition, the bill requires a creditor to grant a forbearance to a mortgagor that submits a request and affirms that the mortgagor has experienced a financial impact from Covid-19. Any payment subject to the forbearance must be added to the end of the term, unless otherwise agreed to. The legislation also prohibits a mortgagee or landlord from furnishing negative mortgage payment information or rental payment data to a consumer reporting agency related to payments subject to the act.