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Small Business Administration issues notice regarding forgiveness of Paycheck Protection Program loans
On July 23, the Small Business Administration issued a procedural notice providing information for Paycheck Protection Program lenders on submitting decisions on PPP borrower loan forgiveness applications to the SBA, requesting payment of the forgiveness amount, SBA loan forgiveness reviews, and payment of loan forgiveness amounts. For example, the notice provides instructions regarding documentation and data that the lender must submit when it issues a decision on loan forgiveness. The notice also indicates that the SBA intends to issue an interim final rule addressing how a borrower may appeal the SBA’s determination that it is ineligible for a PPP loan or ineligible for the loan amount or the loan forgiveness amount claimed by the borrower.
District court shuts down operation claiming debt relief for students
On July 20, the FTC announced that the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California issued a final judgment permanently banning defendants in a student loan debt relief operation from telemarketing or providing debt relief services. As previously covered by InfoBytes, in 2019 the FTC charged the defendants with violations of the FTC Act and the Telemarketing Sales Rule (TSR) for allegedly, among other things, (i) charging borrowers illegal advance fees; (ii) falsely claiming they would service and pay down borrowers’ student loans; and (iii) obtaining borrowers’ credentials in order to change consumers’ contact information and prevent communications from loan servicers.
The court’s order granted the FTC’s motion for summary judgment, finding that the defendants received revenues of at least $31.1 million derived unlawfully from payments received from borrowers due to the defendants’ violations of the FTC Act and TSR. Of these revenues, only about $3.1 million had been paid by the defendants to borrowers’ federal student loan servicers, the order stated, although the court noted that the defendants allegedly refunded about $408,089 to consumers. The court imposed a roughly $27.6 million judgment against the defendants as equitable monetary relief, and permanently banned the defendants from offering similar services in the future, including misrepresenting, or assisting others in misrepresenting, any facts materials to a consumer’s decision to purchase financial products or services.
OCC releases recent enforcement actions
On July 16, the OCC released a list of recent enforcement actions taken against national banks, federal savings associations, and individuals currently and formerly affiliated with such entities. Included among the actions is a June 23 consent order, which resolves OCC claims that a California-based bank violated a 2016 consent order concerning Bank Secrecy Act/anti-money laundering compliance program deficiencies. According to the OCC, the bank failed to timely comply with the 2016 consent order and is required to pay a $100,000 civil money penalty. The list also includes a July 25 civil money penalty order against a New York-based bank, which requires the payment of $43,000 for an alleged pattern or practice of violations of the Flood Disaster Protection Act and its implementing regulations.
Additionally, an Iowa-based bank and the OCC reached a formal agreement on June 16 for alleged unsafe or unsound practices related to, among other things, credit underwriting, credit administration, problem loan management, and real estate valuation practices. Among other conditions, the agreement requires the bank to (i) appoint a compliance committee to ensure adherence to the agreement’s provisions; (ii) establish a three-year strategic plan outlining goals and objectives related to the bank’s risk profile and liability structure; (iii) submit a commercial and retail credit underwriting and administration program to ensure the bank “analyzes credit and collateral information sufficient to identify, monitor, and report the [b]ank’s credit risk, properly account for loans, and assign accurate risk ratings in a timely manner”; (iv) implement programs providing for an annual review of loans, loan level stress testing, and problem loan management; (v) implement an exception tracking and reporting system; and (vi) establish an appraisal and evaluation program.
FTC, Florida issue TRO against rate-reduction operation
On July 16, the FTC and the Florida attorney general announced that the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida granted a temporary restraining order against an allegedly fraudulent credit card interest rate reduction operation. According to the complaint, the operation violated the FTC Act, the Telemarketing Sales Rule, and the Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices act by targeting “financially distressed consumers and older adults” through telemarketing phone calls promising to substantially reduce their credit card interest rates and charging consumers upfront fees, ranging from $995 to $3,995. The operation typically charged the fees “during, or immediately following, the telemarketing call, often by using remotely created payment orders” against the consumer’s checking account or credit card. The complaint asserts that consumers often did not receive permanently reduced credit card interest rates, nor did they save “thousands of dollars on their credit card debt,” as promised. Beyond the temporary restraining order, the FTC is seeking a permanent injunction, restitution, and civil money penalties.
FDIC encourages regulatory relief for Michigan borrowers affected by severe weather
On July 16, the FDIC issued FIL-70-2020 to provide regulatory relief to financial institutions and help facilitate recovery in areas of Michigan affected by severe storms and flooding from May 16 through May 22. In the guidance, the FDIC encourages institutions to consider, among other things, (i) extending repayment terms; (ii) restructuring existing loans; or (iii) easing terms for new loans to borrowers affected by the severe weather, provided the measures are “done in a manner consistent with sound banking practices, can contribute to the health of the local community and serve the long-term interests of the lending institution.” Additionally, the FDIC notes that institutions may receive Community Reinvestment Act consideration for community development loans, investments, and services in support of disaster recovery. The FDIC states it will also consider relief from certain filing and publishing requirements.
Find continuing InfoBytes coverage on disaster relief guidance here.
Fed holds line on 2021 payment services
On July 21, the Federal Reserve Board announced that due to the uncertainties created by the Covid-19 pandemic, it will retain the current schedule of prices for most of its payment services to depository institutions in 2021. The Board notes that the pricing information is normally conveyed later in the year and that the Federal Register notice containing the final fee schedules will be released later in 2020. However, in order to “support the business planning of users and providers of payment services,” it wanted to provide early notice of “its intent to keep most 2021 prices flat.”
Fed expands MSLP to nonprofits
On July 17, the Federal Reserve Board announced that the Main Street Lending Program will support tax-exempt, nonprofit organizations. In June, the Board proposed expanding the program to certain nonprofits (covered by InfoBytes here), and in response to public feedback on the proposal, the Board (i) set the minimum employment threshold for nonprofits to 10 employees from the proposed 50; (ii) eased the donation-based funding limit; and (iii) adjusted several financial eligibility criteria to accommodate a wider range of nonprofit operating models.
The Main Street nonprofit loans have similar terms as the Main Street for-profit business loans, including the “interest rate, principal and interest payment deferral, five-year term, and minimum and maximum loan sizes.” The Board’s announcement also contains a chart covering the detailed changes and term sheets for the program’s Nonprofit Organization Expanded Loan Facility and Nonprofit Organization New Loan Facility.
EU - U.S. forum studies implications of Covid-19 for financial stability
On July 17, the U.S. Treasury Department issued a joint statement on the EU - U.S. Financial Regulatory Forum, which met virtually on July 14 and 15 and included participants from Treasury, the Federal Reserve Board, CFTC, FDIC, SEC, and OCC. Forum participants discussed six key themes: (i) potential financial stability implications and economic responses to the Covid-19 pandemic; (ii) capital market supervisory and regulatory cooperation, including cross-border supervision; (iii) “multilateral and bilateral engagement in banking and insurance,” including “cross-border resolution of systemic banks” and Volcker Rule implementation; (iv) approaches to anti-money laundering/countering the financing of terrorism financing and remittances; (v) the regulation and supervision of digital finance and financial innovation, such as “digital operational resilience and developments in crypto-assets, so-called stablecoins, and central bank digital currencies”; and (vi) sustainable finance developments. EU and U.S. participants recognized the importance of communicating mutual supervisory and regulatory concerns to “support financial stability, investor protection, market integrity, and a level playing field.”
Fannie and Freddie announce new disaster payment deferral
On July 15, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac introduced a new home-retention workout option, the “disaster payment deferral,” for borrowers experiencing financial hardship. According to Fannie Mae’s Lender Letter LL-2020-11 and Freddie Mac’s Guide Bulletin 2020-28, the disaster payment deferral would bring the borrower current on their mortgage by deferring the delinquency amount (which includes up to 12 months of past-due principal and interest payments; out-of-pocket escrow advances paid to third parties; and servicing advances paid to third parties in the ordinary course of business) as a non-interest bearing balance, due and payable at liquidation, refinance, or maturity. To qualify for the program, an eligible disaster event is defined as (i) a financial hardship that impacts the borrower's ability to pay their contractual monthly payment; and (ii) either: the property securing the mortgage loan experienced an insured loss, the property securing the mortgage loan is located in an eligible FEMA-Declared Disaster Area, or the borrower's place of employment is located in an eligible FEMA-Declared Disaster Area. Among other requirements detailed by the Lender Letter and Bulletin, servicers must confirm that the borrower has resolved the financial hardship and have the ability to continue paying the contractual monthly payments. Servicers must begin evaluating borrowers for the disaster payment deferral beginning July 1.
Fed extends temporary exception to allow bank insiders access to PPP
On July 15, the Federal Reserve Board adopted an interim final rule (IFR) extending a temporary exception from the requirements of section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act and corresponding provisions of Regulation O for certain loans guaranteed under the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). The IFR extends the exception to August 8—the new date on which the PPP is set to expire (covered by InfoBytes here). The original extension was announced on April 17 (covered by InfoBytes here) and permits banks to extend credit to bank insiders, but only for PPP loans. However, the IFR does not except a PPP loan from other restrictions that may apply, including those under section 22(g) the Federal Reserve Act, section 215.5 of Regulation O, or applicable SBA PPP lending restrictions. The IFR takes effect immediately, and comments will be accepted for 45 days after publication in the Federal Register.